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· Public charity

Panera Bread Foundation Inc

We support and strengthen our communities by investing in underserved and at-risk children and youth to become leaders.

$2.3M
Granted FY2024still arriving
30
Grants FY2024still arriving
18
States reached
$150k
Largest
01What you fundRead
02The needRead
03Your edgeRead
04Your fieldRead
05Through PlinthRead
01What you fund
01100% classified

What you funded, over time

Every grant placed by its stated purpose and the recipient’s mission, by year — across FY2022–2024.

Youth Development$2.2MEducation$1.8MEmployment$250kHuman Services$175kCivil Rights$150kCommunity Improvement$150kScience & Tech$25kArts & Culture$25kOther$0
02FY2024 · 30 grants

Where the money goes

Your grants by size, and where they go.

By grant size · FY2024

  • $10k–50k6 grants · $150k
  • $50k–250k24 grants · $2.1M
$75,000
Median grant
18
States reached
$1.4M
Total assets
Largest grants
RecipientAmount
Construction Education Foundation of GA Inc$150,000
Boys & Girls Clubs of Greater Houston Inc$150,000
Achieve Miami Inc$150,000
Boys Hope Girls Hope of St Louis$150,000
An Achievable Dream Middle and High School Inc$125,000
Bridge to Enter Advanced Mathematics (BEAM)$100,000
STEM Paths Innovation Network$100,000
College AIM Inc$100,000
Boys & Girls Clubs of Metro Los Angeles$100,000
Urban League Twin Cities$100,000
Girls Inc of Alameda County$100,000
Foundation for a College Education$100,000
Big Brothers Big Sisters of Metropolitan Chicago$75,000
College Visions$75,000
Oasis - A Haven for Women and Children Inc$75,000
02The need
03

Do your dollars go where the need is?

Each grant placed by the hardship in its grantee’s ZIP, then read against the area’s typical level.

show:

Your human-services grants (FY22–24, $783k) land where the poverty rate runs at 11%, against an area that typically sits at 10%. 55% of those dollars go to grantees based in above-average-need neighborhoods. Most of your grants land in higher-need ZIPs.

area typical 10%Girls Inc of San Antonio: $8k → 16%Guadalupe Center Inc: $50k → 10%Quad County Urban League Inc: $75k → 8%Oasis - A Haven for Women and Children Inc: $75k → 12%An Achievable Dream: $125k → 17%Urban League Twin Cities: $100k → 11%Girls Inc of Alameda County: $100k → 10%Wings for Kids: $25k → 12%Quad County Urban League Inc: $50k → 8%Oasis - A Haven for Women and Children: $50k → 12%Girls Inc of Alameda County: $75k → 10%Girls Inc of Alameda County: $50k → 10%0%20%40%50%more need →
grant to an above-average-need area below average· circle size = grant amount

Matched: human-services grants are those whose grantee’s IRS cause code is Human Services. Placed by people below the poverty linein the grantee’s ZIP, averaged from the tracts in that ZIP; grantee ZIP can differ from where services are delivered.

Which US states your grants reach

WA
MN
IL
WI
MI
NY
MA
OR
OH
NJ
RI
CA
CO
MO
VA
MD
DE
TN
NC
SC
DC
OK
LA
AL
GA
TX
FL

US grants placed by each grantee’s ZIP, which can differ from where services are actually delivered. Need from public data — U.S. Census/ACS, CDC PLACES, Eviction Lab, USDA — shown as context about the area, never attributed to your giving.

03Your edge
repeat funding

Who you back again

Which organizations you funded more than once, and which you funded a single time. Each grantee is matched to its own filings.

45%of every dollar goes to organizations you’ve funded before.
$2.2M · 15 repeat orgs$2.6M to everyone else

15 repeat relationships — 11 still active in FY2024, 4 since wound down; 19 grantees were first funded in FY2024 (too recent to call).

How the two cohorts compare

Re-uppedFunded once

Organizations

15
27

Total granted

$2.2M
$1.4M

Median revenue growth · since first grant

+16%
+18%

Still filing today

100%
85%

New vs renewed · share of each year

In FY2024, 46% of grant dollars renewed an existing relationship; $1.2M went to new ones.

50%100%’22’23’24
RenewedFirst-time

Where new relationships form · theme of each grantee’s first grant

’22’23’24
Youth DevelopmentEducationHuman ServicesArts & CultureCommunity ImprovementHealthOther

First-time = a grantee’s first year in your filing window; renewed = funded in an earlier year too. As a portfolio matures the renewed share naturally climbs — once funded, an org stays “renewable” — so the signal is the years that buck it (a new-grantee intake wave). The earliest year is left-censored: relationships that predate the data read as “new.” Theme is the grantee’s IRS cause.

Backed again, and grew

  • BA
    Boys and Girls Clubs of Greater Houston Inc
    2× · 2023–2024 · $300k · revenue +9%
  • AM
    ACHIEVE MIAMI INC
    2× · 2023–2024 · $300k · revenue +55%
  • HI
    HOPE IGNITES ST LOUIS
    2× · 2023–2024 · $225k · revenue +1%

Funded once

  • TS
    Take Stock in Children Palm Beach County
    one grant, 2023 · $150k
  • AA
    AN ACHIEVABLE DREAM INCgraduated
    one grant, 2023 · $125k · revenue +218%
  • BOYS AND GIRLS CLUBS OF THE COASTAL PLAINgraduated
    one grant, 2023 · $125k · revenue +28%

Repeat = funded in two or more distinct years; growth and survival are read from each grantee’s own subsequent IRS filings.

04Your field

The map has a center of gravity: the average direction from the rest of the sector toward the organizations the foundation funds — the shape of its giving. Scoring every nonprofit along that direction surfaces the ones that look most like the portfolio. These are the closest matchesthat aren’t grantees — a resemblance in what they say they do, not a recommendation.

1
The Boys and Girls Clubs of Metropolitan Baltimore

To inspire and enable all young people, especially those who need us most, to realize their full potential as productive, responsible and caring citizens

Youth Development
2
Boys and Girls Clubs of the Twin Cities

To enable young people, especially those who need us most, to reach their full potential as productive, caring, responsible citizens. for more information visit www.boysandgirls.org.

Youth Development
3
Girls Incorporated of Greater Indianapolis

Girls inc.'s mission is to inspire all girls to be strong, smart, and bold. in partnership with schools and community organizations, we focus on the development of the whole girl. she learns to value herself, take risks, and discover and…

Youth Development
4
Big Brothers Big Sisters of the Triangle Inc

Create and support one-to-one mentoring relationships that ignite the power and promise of youth. the organization's vision is that all youth achieve their full potential.

Youth Development
5
The Boys & Girls Clubs Inc

To inspire and enable all young people, especially those most in need of our services, to realize and develop their full potential as productive, responsible and caring citizens in a global society.

—
6
Girls Group

Girls group empowers middle and high school women to achieve emotional and economic security by graduating from high school and becoming first generation college graduates. girls group provides year round programming and mentoring to…

Youth Development
7
Boys & Girls Club of the Greater Chippewa Valley Inc

The boys & girls clubs of the greater chippewa valley's mission is to inspire and enable all young people, especially those who need us most, to realize their full potential as productive, responsible, caring citizens.

Youth Development
8
Girls Incorporated of Greater Houston

The mission of Girls Incorporated of Greater Houston is to inspire all girls to be strong, smart and bold.

Youth Development
9
Boys & Girls Clubs of Buffalo Inc

Our mission is to provide a safe and stable experience that assures success is within reach of all our members - that they graduate from high school with plans for their futures and that they are living healthy lifestyles.

Youth Development
10
Boys and Girls Clubs of Silicon Valley

To inspire and empower all young people, especially those who need us most, to realize their full potential as productive, responsible and caring adults.

Youth Development
11
Boys & Girls Club of Pbc

The mission of the boys & girls club of palm beach county is to inspire and assist all young people, especially those who need them most, to realize their full potential as productive, responsible and caring citizens.

Youth Development
12
Boys & Girls Clubs of Southwest Virginia Inc

To enable and inspire all young people, ages five to eighteen, especially those who need us most, to realize their full potential as productive, responsible, and caring citizens.

Youth Development

For reference, the grantee most central to the portfolio’s shape is Big Brothers Big Sisters of the Greater Twin Cities and the most unlike its peers is Feeding America. Resemblance is measured on each organization’s own IRS 990 mission text; it reflects how work is described, not its quality or impact.

Your grantees are a median of 32 years old; the field is 16. You back the established end — and your money leans older still.

THE FIELDby orgYOUR GRANTEESby number22%0%<5yr14%9%5–10yr19%16%10–20yr16%32%20–35yr13%18%35–55yr16%26%55yr+
THE FIELDby orgYOUR MONEYby value22%0%<5yr14%15%5–10yr19%13%10–20yr16%29%20–35yr13%22%35–55yr16%21%55yr+

The field is 22% startups (under 5 years old) — 0% of your grantees by number, and just 0% of your money.

Closures · last 5 years

The orgs you fund almost never close — 0.0% lost their exemption, against 13% of the field you don’t fund.

orgs you fund
0.0%0/57
the rest of the field
13%
240,396/1,819,508

Age = years since IRS exemption (a founding proxy). “Closed” = auto-revocation for 3 years of non-filing — a floor on closure, not proof, and bigger established orgs lapse least. Association, not causation.

04the grantee network

57 grantees tracked through their own filings, 2017–2025.

Each one resolved to its own IRS returns and tracked year by year — your grant beside their revenue from every source. Association, dated; never a causal claim.

Counted here: distinct organizations you funded across 2017–2025, not grant rows in a single year — so this will not match the grant count on the cover. 57 of the 61 grantees resolved in that span have returns of their own we could reconcile; the rest are funded organizations whose filings we could not track year by year.

0
Load-bearing (≥25% of a budget)
5
Early backer (in before they grew)
57/57
Grantees still filing
33/57
Grew since you first funded

Where your money sits — by cause, then by grantee

HOPE IGNITES ST LOUIS — $225,000 · OtherHOPE IGNITES ST LOUISTake Stock in Children Palm Beach County — $150,000 · OtherTake Stock in Children Palm Beac…CONSTRUCTION EDUCATION FOUNDATION OF GA — $150,000 · OtherCONSTRUCTION EDUCATION FOUNDATIO…BOYS AND GIRLS CLUBS OF THE COASTAL PLAIN — $125,000 · OtherBOYS AND GIRLS CLUBS OF THE COAS…Bridge to Enter Advanced Mathematics (BEAM) — $100,000 · OtherBridge to Enter Advanced Mathema…BIG BROTHERS-BIG SISTERS OF METROPOLITAN CHICAGO — $75,000 · OtherBIG BROTHERS-BIG SISTERS OF METR…BIG BROTHERS BIG SISTERS OF LONG ISLAND INC — $75,000 · OtherBIG BROTHERS BIG SISTERS OF LONG…Big Brothers Big Sisters of SWLA Inc — $70,000 · OtherBIG BROTHERS BIG SISTERS OF DELAWARE INC — $50,000 · OtherBIG BROTHERS BIG SISTERS OF PALM BEACH & MARTIN COUNTIES INC — $50,000 · OtherURBAN LEAGUE OF DETROIT AND SOUTHEASTERN MICHIGAN — $50,000 · OtherBIG BROTHERS BIG SISTERS OF EASTERN MISSOURI — $50,000 · Other+7 more — $185,000 · Other+7 moreBoys and Girls Clubs of Greater Houston Inc — $300,000 · Youth DevelopmentBoys and Girls Clubs of Gre…BOYS & GIRLS CLUBS OF METRO LOS ANGELES — $100,000 · Youth DevelopmentBOYS & GIRLS CLUBS OF METRO…BOYS AND GIRLS CLUBS OF SARASOTA AND DESOTO COUNTIES INC — $75,000 · Youth DevelopmentBOYS AND GIRLS CLUBS OF SAR…GIRLFORWARD — $75,000 · Youth DevelopmentGIRLFORWARDCREATEMPLS — $50,000 · Youth DevelopmentGEEKING OUT KIDS OF COLOR — $50,000 · Youth DevelopmentGIRLS INCORPORATED OF ST LOUIS — $50,000 · Youth DevelopmentGirls Inc of the Pacific Northwest — $50,000 · Youth DevelopmentBOYS & GIRLS CLUB OF GREATER FLINT — $50,000 · Youth DevelopmentBOYS AND GIRLS CLUBS OF CHICAGO — $50,000 · Youth DevelopmentBig Brothers Big Sisters of the Lowcountry — $50,000 · Youth DevelopmentAPPRENTICE LEARNING INC — $50,000 · Youth DevelopmentSTEER FOR STUDENT ATHLETES INC — $50,000 · Youth DevelopmentMINDS MATTER COLORADO INC — $50,000 · Youth Development+5 more — $115,000 · Youth Development+5 moreACHIEVE MIAMI INC — $300,000 · EducationACHIEVE MIAMI INCFOUNDATION FOR A COLLEGE EDUCATION — $200,000 · EducationFOUNDATION FOR A COLLEGE E…COLLEGE AIM INC — $150,000 · EducationCOLLEGE AIM INCAN ACHIEVABLE DREAM MIDDLE AND HIGH SCHOOL INC — $125,000 · EducationAN ACHIEVABLE DREAM MIDDLE…COLLEGE VISIONS — $125,000 · EducationCOLLEGE VISIONSSTEM PATHS INNOVATION NETWORK — $100,000 · EducationSTEM PATHS INNOVATION NETW…ROAD2HIRE — $100,000 · EducationROAD2HIRE+1 more — $25,000 · EducationGIRLS INCORPORATED OF ALAMEDA COUNTY — $225,000 · Human ServicesGIRLS INCORPORATED…AN ACHIEVABLE DREAM INC — $125,000 · Human ServicesAN ACHIEVABLE DREA…QUAD COUNTY URBAN LEAGUE INC — $125,000 · Human ServicesQUAD COUNTY URBAN …OASIS - A HAVEN FOR WOMEN & CHILDREN INC — $125,000 · Human ServicesOASIS - A HAVEN FO…URBAN LEAGUE TWIN CITIES — $100,000 · Human ServicesURBAN LEAGUE TWIN …Guadalupe Center Inc — $50,000 · Human ServicesGuadalupe Center I…+2 more — $32,500 · Human ServicesBreakthrough Cincinnati Inc — $100,000 · Community ImprovementTHE BOTTOM LINE INC — $50,000 · Community ImprovementLIFE PIECES TO MASTERPIECES — $75,000 · Arts & CultureARTISTS FOR HUMANITY INC — $50,000 · Arts & CultureTULSA GIRLS ART SCHOOL PROJECT INC — $25,000 · Arts & CultureYouth Eastside Services — $25,000 · HealthJUNIOR ACHIEVEMENT OF CENTRAL MARYLAND INC — $25,000 · International
Other$1,355,000Youth Development$1,165,000Education$1,125,000Human Services$782,500Community Improvement$150,000Arts & Culture$150,000Health$25,000International$25,000

Each org by its size and your share of it — top-left is where you’re load-bearing

25%50%75%100%$1.0M$10Mgrantee revenue →↑ your share of their budgetBoys and Girls Clubs of Greater Houston Inc — $300,000 over 2y, 1.1% of budgetACHIEVE MIAMI INC — $300,000 over 2y, 6.1% of budgetGIRLS INCORPORATED OF ALAMEDA COUNTY — $225,000 over 3y, 1.2% of budgetHOPE IGNITES ST LOUIS — $225,000 over 2y, 5.5% of budgetFOUNDATION FOR A COLLEGE EDUCATION — $200,000 over 2y, 7.2% of budgetCONSTRUCTION EDUCATION FOUNDATION OF GA — $150,000 over 1y, 3.2% of budgetCOLLEGE AIM INC — $150,000 over 2y, 9.8% of budgetAN ACHIEVABLE DREAM INC — $125,000 over 1y, 15% of budgetAN ACHIEVABLE DREAM MIDDLE AND HIGH SCHOOL INC — $125,000 over 1y, 5.2% of budgetCOLLEGE VISIONS — $125,000 over 2y, 6.3% of budgetQUAD COUNTY URBAN LEAGUE INC — $125,000 over 2y, 2.3% of budgetOASIS - A HAVEN FOR WOMEN & CHILDREN INC — $125,000 over 2y, 1.0% of budgetBOYS AND GIRLS CLUBS OF THE COASTAL PLAIN — $125,000 over 1y, 1.8% of budgetBreakthrough Cincinnati Inc — $100,000 over 1y, 9.3% of budgetSTEM PATHS INNOVATION NETWORK — $100,000 over 1y, 8.5% of budgetBOYS & GIRLS CLUBS OF METRO LOS ANGELES — $100,000 over 1y, 1.3% of budgetROAD2HIRE — $100,000 over 1y, 0.9% of budgetURBAN LEAGUE TWIN CITIES — $100,000 over 1y, 6.1% of budgetBIG BROTHERS-BIG SISTERS OF METROPOLITAN CHICAGO — $75,000 over 1y, 1.3% of budgetLIFE PIECES TO MASTERPIECES — $75,000 over 2y, 1.1% of budgetBIG BROTHERS BIG SISTERS OF LONG ISLAND INC — $75,000 over 2y, 1.8% of budgetBOYS AND GIRLS CLUBS OF SARASOTA AND DESOTO COUNTIES INC — $75,000 over 1y, 0.6% of budgetGIRLFORWARD — $75,000 over 2y, 6.3% of budgetBig Brothers Big Sisters of SWLA Inc — $70,000 over 2y, 4.3% of budgetCREATEMPLS — $50,000 over 1y, 8.3% of budgetBIG BROTHERS BIG SISTERS OF DELAWARE INC — $50,000 over 1y, 6.9% of budgetGEEKING OUT KIDS OF COLOR — $50,000 over 1y, 4.6% of budgetGuadalupe Center Inc — $50,000 over 1y, 0.3% of budgetBIG BROTHERS BIG SISTERS OF PALM BEACH & MARTIN COUNTIES INC — $50,000 over 2y, 2.2% of budgetGIRLS INCORPORATED OF ST LOUIS — $50,000 over 1y, 2.6% of budgetGirls Inc of the Pacific Northwest — $50,000 over 1y, 2.8% of budgetARTISTS FOR HUMANITY INC — $50,000 over 1y, 0.7% of budgetBOYS & GIRLS CLUB OF GREATER FLINT — $50,000 over 1y, 3.1% of budgetBOYS AND GIRLS CLUBS OF CHICAGO — $50,000 over 2y, 0.1% of budgetBig Brothers Big Sisters of the Lowcountry — $50,000 over 1y, 6.0% of budgetAPPRENTICE LEARNING INC — $50,000 over 1y, 3.1% of budgetURBAN LEAGUE OF DETROIT AND SOUTHEASTERN MICHIGAN — $50,000 over 1y, 1.1% of budgetSTEER FOR STUDENT ATHLETES INC — $50,000 over 1y, 4.1% of budgetTHE BOTTOM LINE INC — $50,000 over 1y, 0.1% of budgetBIG BROTHERS BIG SISTERS OF EASTERN MISSOURI — $50,000 over 1y, 0.8% of budgetMINDS MATTER COLORADO INC — $50,000 over 1y, 5.1% of budgetGIRLS INCORPORATED OF ORANGE COUNTY — $35,000 over 1y, 0.9% of budgetBOYS AND GIRLS CLUBS OF CHATTANOOGA INC — $25,000 over 1y, 1.0% of budgetGIRLS INC OF THE VALLEY — $25,000 over 1y, 0.8% of budgetCOLLEGE POSSIBLE INC — $25,000 over 1y, 0.1% of budgetBIG BROTHERS BIG SISTERS OF THE GREATER TWIN CITIES — $25,000 over 1y, 0.2% of budgetBOYS AND GIRLS CLUB OF MONMOUTH COUNTY — $25,000 over 1y, 0.7% of budgetINSTITUTE FOR COMMUNITY LEADERSHIP — $25,000 over 1y, 3.0% of budget
Go grantee by grantee — a decade per org, and how each moved after you funded them

A decade per grantee — revenue shaded, your grants as bars, all rows on one timeline.

The grantmakers whose grantees overlap with yours far more than size alone predicts. Each orbits closer the stronger the alignment; the arcs between them show where they also fund each other. Here it reads as a tightly interlocked camp — most of these funders back each other's grantees too.

Big Brothers Big Sist…Charities Aid Foundat…AT&T FoundationDollar General Litera…Girls IncThe Blackbaud Giving …Cla FoundationInspire Brands Founda…Publix Super Markets …Rite Aid Healthy Futu…Pwc Foundation IncBoys & Girls Clubs of…
Big Brothers Big Sisters Of AmericaFL19.6× affinity7 shared granteesties to 9 of 11Hover any node to trace its alignments.Compare side by side →

Open a dossier: Big Brothers Big Sisters Of America · Charities Aid Foundation America · AT&T Foundation · Dollar General Literacy Foundation · Girls Inc · The Blackbaud Giving Fund · Cla Foundation · Inspire Brands Foundation Inc · Publix Super Markets Charities Inc · Rite Aid Healthy Futures · Pwc Foundation Inc · Boys & Girls Clubs of America

Affinity is a Gamma-Poisson posterior co-funding rate, re-centered on the typical rate, so thin evidence shrinks toward no signal. A research starting point: overlap is association, not proof of shared intent.

Government reliance of your grantees

Every dot is one organization Panera Bread Foundation Inc funds. Left–right is the share of its income from government; up–down is the share from you. Bigger dots raise more. Filter to federal, a single department, or state — and drag the year to watch it move.

2024
’20’21’22’23’24’25
no gov · 10%1%4%8%15%your share of their income ↑0%25%50%75%100%share of the org’s income from government →median 2%
  • Big Brothers Big Sisters of Delaware Inc — 73% of income from government
  • Girls Inc of the Valley — 30% of income from government
  • Girls Inc of the Pacific Northwest — 4% of income from government
  • Artists for Humanity Inc — 2% of income from government
  • Boys & Girls Clubs of Boston Inc — 2% of income from government
  • The Bottom Line Inc — 0% of income from government
  • Guadalupe Center Inc — 0% of income from government
no gov moneyreceives it· size = income
1get no government money at all
35report government grants on their 990 we could not trace to a source (not plotted)
1rely on government for over half their income
typical government reliance, FY20–25

Government income is each org’s traced federal awards (USASpending — grants and contracts) plus state payments (open checkbooks) as a share of its total revenue (IRS Form 990); the self-reported government-grant line (990 line 1e) is carried for cross-check: a grantee that reports government grants we could not trace to a source is left off the chart rather than shown as receiving none. An association, not a claim that your grant caused the public funding. Coverage is precision-first — a floor, not a census; state records exist for 9 states, so a grantee outside them shows no state figure (dimmed) rather than a false zero. Federal award amounts are obligations, which can span years, so a single-year share is indicative. 990 filings lag 12–24 months.

05Through Plinth

Warm introductions · Powered by PlinthPlus

How do I get to Panera Bread Foundation Inc?

Find your warmest path to Panera Bread Foundation Inc through trustees and officers whose names appear on both boards. Search for your organization and Plinth traces the shortest route it can evidence.

Each link is a name appearing on two organizations’ public IRS 990 filings, matched on that name and, where the filings support it, on location. A same-state match has geographic support, which is a second matching feature rather than confirmation that the two are one person; a cross-state one is the likeliest to be two people who share a name. Every hop shows its tier, low-confidence and distant paths are held back rather than guessed, and it is worth confirming the person before you use the introduction.

On method. Every financial figure here is read directly from IRS e-file XML — your own 990/990-PF and the multi-year returns of the 61 grantees we resolved across every year we hold, several hundred filings in all (a different count from the grant rows on the cover, which are one fiscal year)— each linked to its source. Grantee achievements and outcomes are each organization’s own program-service reporting (Form 990, Part III); we read these as association with sustained funding — the foundation is one of several forces — suppress low-confidence name matches rather than guess, and say so where a figure rests on a single grant or filing. Not everything on this page is a filed figure, and the difference matters. Filed is what you reported on your return. Official is another government record about an organization, such as a federal award or a charity register, joined by name where no shared identifier exists. Resolved is an identity we worked out where the filing named a recipient without an EIN, kept only above a measured confidence threshold. Computed is arithmetic over those, like themes, portfolio clusters and co-funder strength. Context is a statistic about a place rather than about an organization, which is what the need overlay is: it describes the area a grantee’s address sits in, not where its work lands. Inferred is drawn by a model from text, like the partnerships read out of public news and organization websites. Each is labeled where it appears. How we build these →

Generated from your IRS Form 990 e-file return for fiscal year 2024, released 2024. Filings run roughly 12–24 months behind; figures are dated accordingly.

Source object · view filing

More from the funding graph

The unnamed billions
grants reported with no recipient in the public record
The regranting layer
51% of grant dollars land in the regranting layer
The DAF merry-go-round
$9.7B circulates between donor-advised funds
The endowment market
who holds foundation money, and what just moved
The camps
funders cluster by geography, not ideology
By state
where grant money is based, and what stays home