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Windward Fund at a glanceMostly funded, not a grantmaker: see who funds it →

· Public charity

Windward Fund

The WINDWARD FUND advances public awareness about conservation, climate and environmental issues, sustainable food systems, and the protection of land, wildlife, and other natural resources.

$176M
Granted FY2024still arriving
458
Grants FY2024still arriving
47
States reached
$8.3M
Largest
01What it fundsRead
02The needRead
03Its granteesRead
04Its fieldRead
01What it funds
01100% classified

What it funded, over time

Every grant placed by its stated purpose and the recipient’s mission, by year, FY2017 to 2024.

Environment$494MFood & Nutrition$14MCivil Rights$2.4MPublic Safety & Disaster$1.2MCrime & Legal$650kEducation$610kPublic Benefit$470kAnimals$395kOther$0
02FY2024 · 458 grants

Where the money goes

Grants by size, and the largest recipients.

How this is measured
The 458 grants below total $137,706,713, the rows itemized in this filing. The $176,388,057 headline is the total grant expense on the return; the other $38,681,344 is giving the schedule does not break out (grants under the $5,000 itemization floor, grants to individuals, grants on other schedules). Every figure below describes the itemized rows only.

By grant size · FY2024

  • Under $10k4 grants · $28k
  • $10k–50k36 grants · $759k
  • $50k–250k303 grants · $34M
  • $250k+115 grants · $103M
$120,000
Median grant
47
States reached
$433M
Total assets
Largest grants
RecipientAmount
THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS$8,254,990
ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND INC$7,765,690
CARBON MAPPER INC$5,000,000
HOURGLASS CLIMATE INC$3,948,938
INSTITUTE FOR GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT$3,438,500
THE ENERGY FOUNDATION$3,423,333
CORNELL UNIVERSITY$2,991,652
FRONTIER CLIMATE MANAGEMENT LLC$2,828,213
WORLD RESOURCES INSTITUTE$2,296,667
NATURAL RESOURCES DEFENSE COUNCIL INC$2,296,667
MIGHTY EARTH INC$2,232,657
ROCKY MOUNTAIN INSTITUTE$1,960,000
MERIDIAN INSTITUTE$1,400,000
REWIRING AMERICA INC$1,320,330
TIDES FOUNDATION$1,270,000
02The need
03

Does the money reach high-need areas?

Each grant placed by the hardship in its grantee’s ZIP, against the area’s typical level.

show:

Its human-services grants (FY20–24, $15.7M) land where the poverty rate runs at 14%, against an area that typically sits at 10%. 91% of those dollars go to grantees based in above-average-need neighborhoods. Most of its grants land in higher-need ZIPs.

area typical 10%WOMEN IN RANCHING INC: $100k → 15%CENTER ON POLICY INITIATIVES: $150k → 11%MANO AMIGA SM: $100k → 10%PHYSICIANS ASSOCIATION FOR NUTRITION USA INC: $500k → 11%THE POLLINATION PROJECT FOUNDATION: $300k → 13%RURAL EMPOWERMENT ASSOCIATION FOR COMMUNITY HELP: $150k → 20%RURAL UTAH PROJECT EDUCATION FUND: $230k → 8%ASIAN AMERICAN ADVANCING JUSTICE ATLANTA: $260k → 9%FAITH IN INDIANA: $100k → 16%STATE POWER FUND: $275k → 12%COMMUNITIES UNITED FOR ACTION: $150k → 16%COOPERATION JACKSON: $180k → 23%STANDING ROCK COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION: $185k → 33%CENTER FOR RURAL STRATEGIES INC: $100k → 29%COVENANT PATHWAYS: $100k → 32%THE SMILE TRUST INC: $100k → 15%ASIAN AMERICAN ADVANCING JUSTICE ATLANTA: $200k → 9%HARAMBEE HOUSE INC: $150k → 16%COMMUNITIES UNITED FOR ACTION: $100k → 16%COOPERATION JACKSON: $150k → 23%MIGRANT EQUITY SOUTHEAST: $106k → 16%FAITH IN INDIANA: $150k → 16%FAITH IN INDIANA: $100k → 16%ALIANZA NACIONAL DE CAMPESINAS INC: $115k → 10%TIDES CENTER: $4.0M → 10%THRIVE NEW ORLEANS: $300k → 23%TIDES CENTER: $440k → 10%COLORADO PEOPLE'S ALLIANCE (COPA): $150k → 12%NORTHEAST HOUSTON REDEVELOPMENT COUNCIL: $450k → 16%COLORADO PEOPLE'S ALLIANCE (COPA): $100k → 12%PUBLIC ALLIES: $300k → 17%LATINO COMMUNITY FUND OF WASHINGTON STATE: $180k → 9%TIDES CENTER: $200k → 10%LATINO COMMUNITY FUND OF WASHINGTON STATE: $120k → 9%TIDES CENTER: $125k → 10%TIDES CENTER: $100k → 10%GEORGIA LATINO ALLIANCE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS: $300k → 14%FEED THE SECOND LINE: $300k → 23%TOGETHER WISCONSIN INC: $660k → 17%KLEAN ENERGY KULTURE INC: $450k → 14%TOGETHER WISCONSIN INC: $200k → 17%NEIGHBOR TO NEIGHBOR MASSACHUSETTS: $150k → 16%LOUISIANA HOMEBUYER EDUCATION COLLABORATIVE: $500k → 23%NEIGHBOR TO NEIGHBOR MASSACHUSETTS: $120k → 16%VOCES DE LA FRONTERA: $100k → 17%URBAN SCHOOL FOOD ALLIANCE: $100k → 17%NATIONAL BANKERS COMMUNITY ALLIANCE: $500k → 14%GEORGIA COALITION FOR THE PEOPLES AGENDA: $150k → 13%0%20%40%50%more need →
grant to an above-average-need area below average· circle size = grant amount
How this is measured
Matched: human-services grants are those whose grantee’s IRS cause code is Human Services. Placed by people below the poverty line in the grantee’s ZIP, averaged from the tracts in that ZIP.

Which US states its grants reach

AK
ME
VT
NH
WA
ID
MT
ND
MN
IL
WI
MI
NY
MA
OR
NV
SD
IA
IN
OH
PA
NJ
CT
RI
CA
UT
CO
NE
MO
KY
WV
VA
MD
DE
AZ
NM
KS
AR
TN
NC
SC
DC
OK
LA
MS
AL
GA
TX
FL

Grants abroad, by region: $38M on the FY2024 return

Schedule F, as filed: 7 regions. The IRS asks for region and purpose, not the recipient, so no country or grantee can be named here.

Europe (including Iceland and Greenland)$18M · 48% · 20 grants

Stated purpose: ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS · AGRICULTURE, FOOD, NUTRITION

North America (Canada and Mexico)$7.5M · 20% · 4 grants

Stated purpose: ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS · AGRICULTURE, FOOD, NUTRITION

Sub-Saharan Africa$5.5M · 15% · 6 grants

Stated purpose: ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS

East Asia and the Pacific$3.4M · 9% · 5 grants

Stated purpose: ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS

South America$1.6M · 4% · 6 grants

Stated purpose: ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS · AGRICULTURE, FOOD, NUTRITION

Central America and the Caribbean$1.5M · 4% · 2 grants

Stated purpose: ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS

South Asia$427k · 1% · 2 grants

Stated purpose: ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAMS

How this is measured
US grants placed by each grantee’s ZIP, which can differ from where services are delivered. Need from public data (U.S. Census/ACS, CDC PLACES, Eviction Lab, USDA), shown as context about the area, never attributed to the funder’s giving. Grants abroad on Schedule F are filed by region, purpose and amount with no recipient name, so they are shown by region and cannot be placed on the country map or matched to a grantee.
03Its grantees
repeat funding

Who it funds again

Organizations funded in more than one year, against those funded once.

75%of every dollar goes to organizations it has funded before.
$361M · 386 repeat orgs$119M to everyone else

Grantees it renews have grown median revenue +51% since the first grant, against +16% for those funded once.

386 repeat relationships: 277 still active in FY2024, 109 since wound down; 166 grantees were first funded in FY2024 (too recent to call).

How the two cohorts compare

Re-uppedFunded once

Organizations

386
325

Total granted

$361M
$76M

Median revenue growth · since first grant

+51%
+16%

Still filing today

94%
83%

New vs renewed · share of each year

In FY2024, 68% of grant dollars renewed an existing relationship; $43M went to new ones.

50%100%’17’18’19’20’21’22’23’24
RenewedFirst-time

Where new relationships form · theme of each grantee’s first grant

’17’18’19’20’21’22’23’24
EnvironmentCivil RightsCommunity ImprovementEducationHuman ServicesPublic BenefitOther
How this is measured
First-time means a grantee’s first year in the filing window; renewed means funded in an earlier year too. The renewed share climbs naturally as a portfolio matures, so the signal is a year that bucks it (a wave of new grantees). The earliest year is left-censored: relationships that predate the data read as new. Theme is the grantee’s IRS cause.

Backed again, and grew

  • Potential Energy Coalition Inc
    4× · 2021–2024 · $31M · revenue +121% · 43% of their budget
  • ENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND INCORPORATED
    5× · 2018–2024 · $15M · revenue +111%
  • IF
    INSTITUTE FOR GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
    4× · 2020–2024 · $13M · revenue +15% · 60% of their budget

Funded once

  • HP
    HOME PLANET FUND
    one grant, 2022 · $20M · revenue -96%
  • IA
    INTER AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK
    one grant, 2023 · $3.5M
  • TE
    Taproot Earthgraduated
    one grant, 2022 · $2.0M · revenue +30% · 27% of their budget
How this is measured

Repeat means funded in two or more distinct years. Growth and survival are read from each grantee’s own subsequent IRS filings.

04Its field

Closest unfunded matches

The nonprofits that most resemble its grantees but are not funded by it, scored along the direction from the rest of the field toward the portfolio. A resemblance in what they say they do, not a recommendation.

1
California Environmental Justice Alliance

Our mission is to fight against fossil fuel executives and industries that have turned our communities into dumping grounds for toxic waste, poisoning our air, water, lan, and bodies. We organize to oppose giant oil refineries, dirty…

Environment
2
The Climate Center

The Climate Center is a climate and energy policy nonprofit working to rapidly reduce climate pollution at scale, starting in California.

Education
3
Partnership for Policy Integrity

Partnership for Policy Integrity (PFPI) uses data-driven advocacy and litigation to fight for forests, communities and the climate.

Environment
4
One Earth Philanthropy

One Earth connects thinkers, doers, activists, and knowledge holders from around the world to solve humanity's greatest ecological challenges--together. Our belief is simple: The solutions to the climate crisis already exist. By connecting…

Environment
5
National Caucus of Environmental Legislators

The national caucus of environmental legislators empowers a nonpartisan network of legislative champions to protect, conserve, and improve the natural and human environment.

Education
6
Nature for Justice

To empower frontline communities to lead nature-based solutions that advance climate justice, ecosystem restoration, and resilient livelihoods through connecting locally-led initiatives to funding, markets, and technical support.

Environment
7
Climate Equity Action Fund

The climate equity action fund (ceaf) works hand-in-hand with community-based partners in critical states across the country to secure and sustain policy wins for climate and clean energy. building on over a decade of trust with leading…

Environment
8
Climate Catalyst Inc

Climate catalyst sparks collective action to tackle the biggest climate challenges we face today: cutting emissions in heavy industries.

Environment
9
Climate Foundation

To research and develop healthy climate solutions comprising global food security, ecosystem regeneration and carbon balance in seas and soils.

Science & Tech
10
E3G Third Generation Environmentalism

E3g is a leading international not-for-profit think tank specialising in climate diplomacy harnessing expertise in the politics and economics of climate change.

Environment
11
Climate Jobs National Resource Center Inc

To educate workers and the public about policies that will build a clean energy economy at the scale climate science demands, create good union jobs, and create more equitable communities.

Environment
12
Earthcorps

To cultivate leaders and community partnerships to advance environmental justice.

International
How this is measured
The grantee most central to the portfolio’s shape is Social and Environmental Entrepreneurs (See) Inc; the most unlike its peers is The Cynthia & George Mitchell Foundation. Resemblance is measured on each organization’s own IRS 990 mission text; it reflects how work is described, not its quality or impact.
04the grantee network

816 grantees tracked through their own filings, 2017–2026.

Each grant beside the grantee’s revenue from every source, year by year.

How this is measured

Counted here: distinct organizations funded across 2017 to 2026, not grant rows in a single year, so this will not match the grant count on the cover. 816 of the 900 grantees resolved in that span have returns of their own we could reconcile.

Each grantee is resolved to its own IRS returns. Association, dated; never a causal claim.

137
Load-bearing (≥25% of a budget)
239
Early backer (in before they grew)
803/816
Grantees still filing
497/816
Grew since first funded

Where the money sits, by cause and then by grantee

Carbon Mapper Inc: $35,080,638 · EnvironmentCarbon Mapper IncHOME PLANET FUND: $19,950,000 · EnvironmentHOME PLANET FUNDENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND INCORPORATED: $15,020,249 · EnvironmentENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND INCORPORATEDCLEAN AIR TASK FORCE INC: $8,423,062 · Environment+61 more: $91,549,661 · Environment+61 morePotential Energy Coalition Inc: $30,838,511 · OtherPotential Energy Coalition IncUNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS: $10,447,636 · OtherUNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVISTHE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS: $8,254,990 · OtherTHE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSI…Rocky Mountain Institute: $7,237,993 · OtherRocky Mountain InstituteTHE ENERGY FOUNDATION: $5,773,333 · OtherTHE NATURE CONSERVANCY: $5,458,985 · OtherFRONTIER CLIMATE MANAGEMENT LLC: $4,902,963 · OtherTIDES CENTER: $4,879,179 · OtherWOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION: $5,041,980 · Other+60 more: $50,824,116 · Other+60 moreINSTITUTE FOR GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: $12,832,500 · InternationalWORLD RESOURCES INSTITUTE: $5,553,377 · InternationalThe Global FoodBanking Network: $2,236,000 · InternationalNATURAL RESOURCE GOVERNANCE INSTITUTE: $1,492,000 · International+3 more: $1,740,000 · InternationalROCKEFELLER PHILANTHROPY ADVISORS INC: $10,374,500 · PhilanthropyThe Pew Charitable Trusts: $2,585,579 · PhilanthropyTIDES FOUNDATION: $2,307,000 · PhilanthropyMeridian Institute: $1,850,000 · PhilanthropyHOPEWELL FUND: $1,000,000 · PhilanthropyST CROIX FOUNDATION FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT: $940,000 · PhilanthropyAmalgamated Charitable Foundation Inc: $932,011 · Philanthropy+4 more: $2,235,300 · PhilanthropyHouston in Action Network: $2,800,500 · Civil RightsPROGEORGIA STATE TABLE INC: $2,295,000 · Civil RightsBVM CAPACITY BUILDING INSTITUTE INC: $2,022,000 · Civil RightsTEXAS FREEDOM NETWORK EDUCATION FUND: $2,010,000 · Civil RightsNEW GEORGIA PROJECT INC: $1,735,000 · Civil RightsMOVEMENT ADVANCEMENT PROJECT: $1,395,000 · Civil RightsLEAGUE OF CONSERVATION VOTERS INC: $1,350,000 · Civil RightsPARTNERSHIPFORCIVILJUSTICEFUND: $1,000,000 · Civil RightsRURAL ARIZONA ENGAGEMENT: $900,000 · Civil RightsJOLT INITIATIVE: $745,000 · Civil RightsNORTH CAROLINA ASIAN AMERICANS TOGETHER: $708,000 · Civil Rights+7 more: $4,196,000 · Civil RightsCornell University: $2,991,652 · EducationBLUEPRINT NORTH CAROLINA: $1,680,000 · EducationWE ARE DOWN HOME: $1,409,500 · EducationNORTH CAROLINA BLACK ALLIANCE INC: $1,253,380 · EducationGrassroots Collaborative: $1,137,200 · EducationTEXAS SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY FOUNDATIO: $1,005,000 · EducationTHE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY: $995,437 · EducationCLEAN ENERGY FUND OF TEXAS: $950,000 · EducationBlack Sustainability Inc: $765,000 · EducationCALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY: $750,000 · EducationSmartmeme DBA Center for Story-based Strategy: $610,000 · Education+9 more: $4,646,009 · EducationEarthworks: $2,600,700 · Public BenefitSOUTHERN VISION ALLIANCE: $1,650,000 · Public BenefitLINK HOUSTON: $1,601,750 · Public BenefitTHE PEOPLE'S LOBBY EDUCATION INSTITUTE: $940,000 · Public BenefitNEO Philanthropy Inc: $933,000 · Public BenefitCITIZEN ACTION OF WISCONSIN EDUCATION FUND INC: $800,000 · Public BenefitAlaska Public Interest Research Group: $755,000 · Public BenefitTAKEACTION MN EDUCATION FUND: $705,000 · Public BenefitSTATE DEMOCRACY PROJECT: $600,800 · Public BenefitCenter for Public Policy Priorities: $500,000 · Public Benefit
Environment$170,023,610Other$133,659,686International$23,853,877Philanthropy$22,224,390Civil Rights$21,156,500Education$18,193,178Public Benefit$11,086,250

Showing the 200 largest grantees by grant value.

Each grantee by its size and the funder’s share of it; top left is load-bearing

25%50%75%100%$1.0M$10M$100Mgrantee revenue →↑ funder's share of their budgetCarbon Mapper Inc: $35,080,638 over 3y, 87% of budgetPotential Energy Coalition Inc: $30,838,511 over 4y, 43% of budgetENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND INCORPORATED: $15,020,249 over 5y, 2.6% of budgetINSTITUTE FOR GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: $12,832,500 over 4y, 60% of budgetROCKEFELLER PHILANTHROPY ADVISORS INC: $10,374,500 over 5y, 1.0% of budgetCLEAN AIR TASK FORCE INC: $8,423,062 over 3y, 11% of budgetRocky Mountain Institute: $7,237,993 over 3y, 2.6% of budgetTHE ENERGY FOUNDATION: $5,773,333 over 2y, 4.1% of budgetWORLD RESOURCES INSTITUTE: $5,553,377 over 5y, 0.9% of budgetTHE NATURE CONSERVANCY: $5,458,985 over 8y, 0.2% of budgetWOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION: $5,041,980 over 2y, 0.7% of budgetTIDES CENTER: $4,879,179 over 5y, 1.5% of budgetC40 Cities Climate Leadership Group Inc: $4,849,953 over 2y, 9.5% of budgetThe Partnership Project Inc: $4,600,000 over 3y, 5.8% of budgetWATER FOUNDATION: $4,369,724 over 5y, 14% of budgetWORLD WILDLIFE FUND INC: $4,252,750 over 3y, 0.6% of budgetHOURGLASS CLIMATE INC: $3,948,938 over 1y, 52% of budgetNATURAL RESOURCES DEFENSE COUNCIL INC: $3,896,667 over 2y, 1.1% of budgetISAIAH: $3,606,000 over 5y, 87% of budgetCascade Climate Inc: $3,465,250 over 2y, 68% of budgetCornell University: $2,991,652 over 1y, 0.1% of budgetGlobal Alliance for Incinerator Alternatives: $2,929,000 over 3y, 19% of budgetCERES INC: $2,902,139 over 3y, 5.5% of budgetHouston in Action Network: $2,800,500 over 2y, 30% of budgetEarthworks: $2,600,700 over 2y, 16% of budgetThe Pew Charitable Trusts: $2,585,579 over 3y, 0.2% of budgetFOUNDATION FOR LOUISIANA: $2,560,000 over 4y, 35% of budgetSIXTEEN THIRTY FUND: $2,500,000 over 4y, 0.4% of budgetNEW VENTURE FUND: $2,356,000 over 5y, 0.2% of budgetMIGHTY EARTH INC: $2,332,657 over 2y, 30% of budgetTIDES FOUNDATION: $2,307,000 over 6y, 0.4% of budgetPROGEORGIA STATE TABLE INC: $2,295,000 over 5y, 6.2% of budgetThe Global FoodBanking Network: $2,236,000 over 2y, 7.5% of budgetBVM CAPACITY BUILDING INSTITUTE INC: $2,022,000 over 5y, 3.3% of budgetTEXAS FREEDOM NETWORK EDUCATION FUND: $2,010,000 over 5y, 14% of budgetHEALTHY GULF: $2,000,000 over 2y, 43% of budgetTaproot Earth: $2,000,000 over 1y, 27% of budgetDEEP SOUTH CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL: $1,961,000 over 4y, 10% of budgetCool Effect Inc: $1,960,000 over 1y, 18% of budgetTHE EARTH GENOME: $1,874,747 over 3y, 34% of budgetMeridian Institute: $1,850,000 over 2y, 3.7% of budget9TO5 NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF WORKING WOMEN INC: $1,770,000 over 4y, 10% of budgetNEW GEORGIA PROJECT INC: $1,735,000 over 5y, 3.7% of budgetBLUEPRINT NORTH CAROLINA: $1,680,000 over 5y, 9.7% of budgetSOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENTREPRENEURS (SEE) INC: $1,675,300 over 3y, 1.0% of budgetSOUTHERN VISION ALLIANCE: $1,650,000 over 4y, 4.9% of budgetTHE SUNRISE PROJECT INC: $1,621,661 over 2y, 16% of budgetLINK HOUSTON: $1,601,750 over 2y, 78% of budget
Grantee by grantee: a decade per organization, before and after funding

A decade per grantee: revenue shaded, grants as bars, all rows on one timeline.

Co-funders

Grantmakers whose grantees overlap with this funder’s far more than size alone predicts. Closer means stronger alignment; arcs show where they also fund each other. Here they form a tightly interlocked group: most of these funders back each other's grantees too.

United States Energy …Solutions Project IncRockefeller Family Fu…Amalgamated Charitabl…The Schmidt Family Fo…Movement Strategy Cen…NEO Philanthropy IncSocial and Environmen…People's Action Insti…Natural Resources Def…Freedom Together Foun…Common Counsel Founda…
United States Energy FoundationCA165.5× affinity184 shared granteesties to 11 of 11Hover any node to trace its alignments.Compare side by side →

Open a dossier: United States Energy Foundation · Solutions Project Inc · Rockefeller Family Fund Inc · Amalgamated Charitable Foundation Inc · The Schmidt Family Foundation · Movement Strategy Center · NEO Philanthropy Inc · Social and Environmental Entrepreneurs (See) Inc · People's Action Institute · Natural Resources Defense Council Inc · Freedom Together Foundation · Common Counsel Foundation

How this is measured
Affinity is a Gamma-Poisson posterior co-funding rate, re-centered on the typical rate, so thin evidence shrinks toward no signal. Overlap is association, not proof of shared intent.

How much its grantees rely on government

Each dot is one organization Windward Fund funds: left to right is the share of its income from government, bottom to top the share from Windward Fund. Bigger dots raise more.

2024
’20’21’22’23’24’25
no gov · 80%6%25%56%100%funder's share of their income ↑0%25%50%75%100%share of the org’s income from government →median 35%
  • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution: 63% of income from government
  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology: 35% of income from government
  • Casa Inc: 8% of income from government
  • Ceres Inc: 0% of income from government
no gov moneyreceives it· size = income
8get no government money at all
28report government grants on their 990 we could not trace to a source (not plotted)
1rely on government for over half their income
typical government reliance, FY20–25
How this is measured
Government income is each org’s traced federal awards (USASpending grants and contracts) plus state payments (open checkbooks) as a share of its total revenue (IRS Form 990); the self-reported government-grant line (990 line 1e) is carried for cross-check: a grantee that reports government grants we could not trace to a source is left off the chart rather than shown as receiving none. An association, not a claim that a grant caused the public funding. Coverage is precision-first, a floor rather than a census; state records exist for 9 states, so a grantee outside them shows no state figure (dimmed) rather than a false zero. Federal award amounts are obligations, which can span years, so a single-year share is indicative. 990 filings lag 12 to 24 months.

On method. Every financial figure here is read from IRS e-file XML, the funder’s own 990/990-PF, and from the multi-year returns of the 900 grantees we resolved, each linked to its source. Grantee outcomes are each organization’s own program-service reporting (Form 990, Part III), read as association with funding, never as caused by it. Low-confidence name matches are suppressed rather than guessed. How we build these →

How this is measured
Each figure carries one of six labels. Filed is what the funder reported on its return. Official is another government record about an organization, such as a federal award or a charity register, joined by name where no shared identifier exists. Resolved is an identity we worked out where the filing named a recipient without an EIN, kept only above a measured confidence threshold. Computed is arithmetic over those, like themes, portfolio clusters and co-funder strength. Context is a statistic about a place rather than about an organization, which is what the need overlay is: it describes the area a grantee’s address sits in, not where its work lands. Inferred is drawn by a model from text, like the partnerships read out of public news and organization websites. Each is labeled where it appears.

Generated from the IRS Form 990 e-file return for fiscal year 2024, released 2024. Filings run roughly 12 to 24 months behind; figures are dated accordingly.

Source object · view filing

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More from the funding graph

The unnamed billions
grants reported with no recipient in the public record
The regranting layer
51% of grant dollars land in the regranting layer
The DAF merry-go-round
$9.7B circulates between donor-advised funds
The endowment market
who holds foundation money, and what just moved
The camps
funders cluster by geography, not ideology
By state
where grant money is based, and what stays home