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· Private foundation

The Lois & Irving Blum Foundation Inc

Its FY2025 filing reports that it funds preselected organizations and did not take unsolicited requests; check the foundation's own site before ruling it out.

$3.9M
Granted FY2022
93
Grants FY2022
21
States reached
$320k
Largest
01What you fundRead
02The needRead
03Your edgeRead
04Your fieldRead
05Through PlinthRead

Read this first · the figures below need context

96% of The Lois & Irving Blum Foundation Inc’s FY2025 grant dollars went to Amalgamated Charitable Foundation Inc, not to grantees.

Its money now reaches organizations through that sponsor, which does not report who recommended each grant. FY2025 names 5 organizations directly, so a portfolio cannot be read from it. Everything below is therefore FY2022, the last year The Lois & Irving Blum Foundation Inc named its own grantees at scale: 64 organizations, $4M. It is dated, not current.

Organizations named directly on the return

29
’20
31
’21
64
’22
60
’23
3
’24
5
’25

Amber years are those where most dollars went to a sponsor.

01What you fund
0196% classified

What you funded, over time

Every grant placed by its stated purpose and the recipient’s mission, by year — across FY2020–2025.

Philanthropy$15MCivil Rights$3.0MPublic Benefit$1.5MInternational$1.2MEducation$863kCommunity Improvement$769kEnvironment$410kArts & Culture$293kOther$0
02FY2022 · 93 grants

Where the money goes

Your grants by size, and where they go.

By grant size · FY2022

  • Under $10k11 grants · $52k
  • $10k–50k61 grants · $1.4M
  • $50k–250k19 grants · $1.7M
  • $250k+2 grants · $630k
$25,000
Median grant
21
States reached
$11M
Total assets
Largest grants
RecipientAmount
UC BERKELEY HUMAN RIGHTS CENTER$320,000
TIDES FOUNDATION$310,000
WINWARD FUND$230,000
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY LAW SCHOOL$200,000
GEORGIA ALLIANCE EDUCATION FUND$200,000
CONFLICT AWARENESS PROJECT$130,000
COMMON DEFENSE EDUCATION FUND$110,000
AMALGAMATED FOUNDATION$100,000
AUSCHWITZ INSTITUTE FOR THE PREVENTION OF GENOCIDE$80,000
RIDERS ALLIANCE INC$75,000
TRANSPORTATION ALTERNATIVES$65,000
IOWA CITIZENS FOR COMMUNITY IMPROVEMENT (ICCI)$65,000
MAINE PEOPLE'S RESOURCE CENTER$65,000
PEF ISRAEL ENDOWMENT FUNDS$60,000
CASA DE MARYLAND$60,000
02The need
03

Do your dollars go where the need is?

Each grant placed by the hardship in its grantee’s ZIP, then read against the area’s typical level.

show:

Your human-services grants (FY20–23, $82k) land where the poverty rate runs at 12%, against an area that typically sits at 11%. 39% of those dollars go to grantees based in above-average-need neighborhoods. Your grants skew toward lower-need ZIPs.

area typical 11%ASIAN AMERICANS ADVANCING JUSTICE-ATLANTA: $25k → 9%ASIAN AMERICANS ADVANCING JUSTICE: $25k → 9%AL OTRO LADO: $10k → 14%THE PEOPLE'S FORUM: $20k → 17%HOUSE OF RUTH MARYLAND: $2k → 19%0%20%40%50%more need →
grant to an above-average-need area below average· circle size = grant amount

Matched: human-services grants are those whose grantee’s IRS cause code is Human Services. Placed by people below the poverty linein the grantee’s ZIP, averaged from the tracts in that ZIP; grantee ZIP can differ from where services are delivered.

Which US states your grants reach

ME
VT
NH
WA
MT
MN
IL
WI
MI
NY
MA
NV
IA
OH
PA
CT
CA
WV
VA
MD
DE
AZ
NM
NC
DC
HI
AL
GA
TX
FL

US grants placed by each grantee’s ZIP, which can differ from where services are actually delivered. Need from public data — U.S. Census/ACS, CDC PLACES, Eviction Lab, USDA — shown as context about the area, never attributed to your giving.

03Your edge
repeat funding

Who you back again

Which organizations you funded more than once, and which you funded a single time. Each grantee is matched to its own filings.

60%of every dollar goes to organizations you’ve funded before.
$5.3M · 52 repeat orgs$3.5M to everyone else

52 repeat relationships — 44 still active in FY2022, 8 since wound down; 86 grantees were first funded in FY2022 (too recent to call). Read against FY2022, the last year this funder named its own grantees directly; its giving has since run through a sponsor, which reports no donor behind each grant.

How the two cohorts compare

Re-uppedFunded once

Organizations

52
33

Total granted

$5.3M
$801k

Median revenue growth · since first grant

+13%
+13%

Still filing today

81%
70%

New vs renewed · share of each year

In FY2025, 71% of grant dollars renewed an existing relationship; $41k went to new ones.

50%100%’20’21’22’23’24’25
RenewedFirst-time

Where new relationships form · theme of each grantee’s first grant

’20’21’22’23’24’25
Civil RightsEducationInternationalCommunity ImprovementArts & CulturePublic BenefitOther

First-time = a grantee’s first year in your filing window; renewed = funded in an earlier year too. As a portfolio matures the renewed share naturally climbs — once funded, an org stays “renewable” — so the signal is the years that buck it (a new-grantee intake wave). The earliest year is left-censored: relationships that predate the data read as “new.” Theme is the grantee’s IRS cause.

Backed again, and grew

  • CA
    Conflict Awareness Project
    5× · 2020–2024 · $375k · revenue +131% · 59% of their budget
  • CD
    COMMON DEFENSE EDUCATION FUND INC
    2× · 2022–2023 · $260k · revenue +285%
  • NY
    New York University
    2× · 2022–2023 · $255k · revenue +21%

Funded once

  • FP
    FUSION PARTNERSHIP INC
    one grant, 2020 · $219k · revenue -78%
  • FF
    FUSION FBO TEACHERS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
    one grant, 2021 · $204k
  • WJ
    WILLIAM J BRENNAN JR CENTER FOR JUSTICE INC
    one grant, 2020 · $40k

Repeat = funded in two or more distinct years; growth and survival are read from each grantee’s own subsequent IRS filings.

04Your field

The map has a center of gravity: the average direction from the rest of the sector toward the organizations the foundation funds — the shape of its giving. Scoring every nonprofit along that direction surfaces the ones that look most like the portfolio. These are the closest matchesthat aren’t grantees — a resemblance in what they say they do, not a recommendation.

1
Fund for Justice

Fund for Justice is a nationally connected social impact research and advocacy organization that works to achieve fundamental, systemic reform by addressing policies and practicies that prevent individuals from reaching their full…

Crime & Legal
2
Alliance for Justice

Alliance for justice builds the strength of progressive movements by training and educating nonprofit organizations on advocacy, while harnessing their collective power to transform our state and federal courts.

Civil Rights
3
Open Markets Institute

The open markets institute works to help people relearn how to use competition policy to build stronger democracies, more just and equitable societies, more innovative and sustainable economies, and a more secure and peaceful world.

Education
4
Actionaid Usa

Actionaid is an international network building a just, equitable, and sustainable world in solidarity with communities on the frontlines of poverty and injustice. actionaid usa is the u.s. branch of actionaid international, which works in…

Social Science
5
Jobs with Justice San Francisco

A long-term, strategic alliance of labor, community, faith-based, and student organizations working together to build greater economic power for workers and community members through employee rights at work and access to good jobs,…

Employment
6
Council for Court Excellence

Council for court excellence's (cce's) mission is to bring people together to conduct research, educate, and advocate to make d.c.'s unique legal systems more just, equitable, and accountable to the community.

—
7
Justice Action Center

Justice Action Center JAC pilots an innovative model that advances the rights of immigrant communities by connecting cutting-edge impact litigation and compelling narrative and communications content. The purpose of JAC is to advance the…

Civil Rights
8
Center for International Policy Inc

The center for international policy is a woman-led, progressive, independent nonprofit center for research, education, and advocacy working to advance a more peaceful, just, and sustainable u.s. approach to foreign policy. through…

International
9
American Civil Liberties Union Fund of the District of Columbia

Preservation of civil liberties through litigation and public education.

—
10
Common Future

Common future is a network of pioneering leaders across the u.s. and canada who work deeply within their communities to create alternative approaches to business, philanthropy, and investing. we envision an economy that has transitioned…

Community Improvement
11
Environmental Law Alliance Worldwide

Educational & charitable. to provide legal and scientific information to public interest attorneys and scientists in numerous countries.

—
12
Powerswitch Action

Powerswitch action is a national network forging collective democracy and economies in our cities and states, together with our 21 grassroots affiliates.

Community Improvement

For reference, the grantee most central to the portfolio’s shape is New Venture Fund and the most unlike its peers is Indigenous Women Rising Indigeous Women Rising. Resemblance is measured on each organization’s own IRS 990 mission text; it reflects how work is described, not its quality or impact.

For each theme you fund, this compares how the sector’s money is shifting with how your own giving is shifting.

← shrinkinggrowing →↓ leaning in → pulling backsteadyHealth Access Advocacy and …Community College Foundatio…Domestic Violence ServicesFaith-Based Liberal Arts Co…Community Arts CentersLgbtq+ Community SupportYouth Development ServicesChristian Missionary Organi…Women & Girls Leadership De…Environmental Conservation …Pregnancy Support ServicesImmigrant Worker SupportCommunity FoundationsVolunteer Fire & Ems Servic…Child Abuse Advocacy Servic…Policy Research and AdvocacyJewish Community Organizati…Community Foundations
the sector your giving your giving is ahead of the sector the sector’s ahead of you· dot size = how much the theme matters to each side
Ordered by the change in your giving — leaning in on top, pulling back at the bottom. The bar between the two dots is how out of step you are with the sector. Hover any row for detail.

Sector change and giving change are each shown relative to their own range, growing (right) or shrinking (left); both normalized, so inflation isn’t mistaken for growth.

Your grantees are a median of 24 years old; the field is 16. You back the established end — and your money leans older still.

THE FIELDby orgYOUR GRANTEESby number22%5%<5yr14%15%5–10yr19%23%10–20yr16%20%20–35yr13%23%35–55yr16%14%55yr+
THE FIELDby orgYOUR MONEYby value22%2%<5yr14%50%5–10yr19%9%10–20yr16%5%20–35yr13%32%35–55yr16%2%55yr+

The field is 22% startups (under 5 years old) — 5% of your grantees by number, and just 2% of your money.

Closures · last 5 years

The orgs you fund almost never close — 0.0% lost their exemption, against 13% of the field you don’t fund.

orgs you fund
0.0%0/128
the rest of the field
13%
240,396/1,819,437

Age = years since IRS exemption (a founding proxy). “Closed” = auto-revocation for 3 years of non-filing — a floor on closure, not proof, and bigger established orgs lapse least. Association, not causation.

04the grantee network

124 grantees tracked through their own filings, 2017–2026.

Each one resolved to its own IRS returns and tracked year by year — your grant beside their revenue from every source. Association, dated; never a causal claim.

Counted here: distinct organizations you funded across 2017–2026, not grant rows in a single year — so this will not match the grant count on the cover. 124 of the 179 grantees resolved in that span have returns of their own we could reconcile; the rest are funded organizations whose filings we could not track year by year.

1
Load-bearing (≥25% of a budget)
26
Early backer (in before they grew)
123/124
Grantees still filing
74/124
Grew since you first funded

Where your money sits — by cause, then by grantee

Amalgamated Charitable Foundation Inc — $9,032,500 · PhilanthropyAmalgamated Charitable Foundation IncTIDES FOUNDATION — $5,007,000 · PhilanthropyTIDES FOUNDATION+8 more — $480,000 · PhilanthropyUC BERKELEY HUMAN RIGHTS CENTER — $520,000 · OtherUC BERKELEY HUMAN RIGH…TRANSPORTATION ALTERNATIVES INC — $255,000 · OtherTRANSPORTATION ALTERNA…FUSION FBO TEACHERS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (TDP) — $204,000 · OtherFUSION PARTNERSHIPS FISCAL SPONSOR FOR TEACHERS' DEMOCRACY PROJECT — $175,428 · OtherWINDWARD FUND — $230,000 · OtherJEWS UNITED FOR JUSTICE INC — $205,000 · OtherIMAGINE NORTH CAROLINA FIRST — $175,000 · Other+87 more — $2,810,000 · Other+87 moreConflict Awareness Project — $375,000 · Civil RightsRIDERS ALLIANCE FUND INC — $250,000 · Civil RightsPA Alliance Foundation — $125,000 · Civil RightsLIBERTY BELL DEMOCRACY FOUNDATION — $75,000 · Civil RightsSkylight Engagement Inc — $75,000 · Civil RightsBVM CAPACITY BUILDING INSTITUTE INC — $50,000 · Civil RightsYellowhammer Fund — $50,000 · Civil RightsUNITED WE DREAM NETWORK INC — $50,000 · Civil Rights+14 more — $315,000 · Civil RightsGuernica Centre for InternationalJustice — $250,000 · InternationalAUSCHWITZ INSTITUTE FOR THE PREVENTION OF GENOCIDE AND MASS ATROCITIES — $230,000 · InternationalWin Without War Education Fund — $180,000 · InternationalFRONT LINE USA FOUNDATION — $105,000 · InternationalNEW ISRAEL FUND — $70,000 · InternationalFUND FOR GLOBAL HUMAN RIGHTS INC — $70,000 · InternationalURGENT ACTION FUND FOR FEMINIST ACTIVISM — $40,000 · International+11 more — $181,000 · InternationalNew York University — $255,000 · EducationGEORGIA ALLIANCE EDUCATION FUND INC — $225,000 · EducationWORKING AMERICA EDUCATION FUND — $100,000 · EducationFUND FOR EDUCATIONAL EXCELLENCE INC — $32,000 · Education+17 more — $164,025 · EducationFUSION PARTNERSHIP INC — $219,000 · Community ImprovementIOWA CITIZENS FOR COMMUNITY IMPROVEMENT — $135,000 · Community ImprovementPEOPLE'S ACTION — $50,000 · Community ImprovementNORTH MAIN STREET FUND — $50,000 · Community ImprovementNO BOUNDARIES COALITION INC — $40,000 · Community ImprovementALLIANCE FOR A JUST SOCIETY — $40,000 · Community ImprovementPOWER INTERFAITH INC — $20,000 · Community ImprovementPENNSYLVANIA STANDS UP INC — $20,000 · Community ImprovementCOMMON DEFENSE EDUCATION FUND INC — $260,000 · Public BenefitCENTER FOR POPULAR DEMOCRACY INC — $90,000 · Public BenefitTHE OHIO ORGANIZING COLLABORATIVE — $75,000 · Public BenefitCITIZEN ACTION OF WISCONSIN EDUCATION FUND INC — $40,000 · Public BenefitPoder in Action — $25,000 · Public BenefitTAKEACTION MN EDUCATION FUND — $25,000 · Public Benefit
Philanthropy$14,519,500Other$4,574,428Civil Rights$1,365,000International$1,126,000Education$776,025Community Improvement$574,000Public Benefit$515,000

Each org by its size and your share of it — top-left is where you’re load-bearing

25%50%75%100%$1.0M$10M$100Mgrantee revenue →↑ your share of their budgetAmalgamated Charitable Foundation Inc — $9,032,500 over 4y, 1.3% of budgetTIDES FOUNDATION — $5,007,000 over 4y, 0.4% of budgetConflict Awareness Project — $375,000 over 5y, 59% of budgetCOMMON DEFENSE EDUCATION FUND INC — $260,000 over 2y, 9.5% of budgetNew York University — $255,000 over 2y, 0.0% of budgetTRANSPORTATION ALTERNATIVES INC — $255,000 over 3y, 2.9% of budgetRIDERS ALLIANCE FUND INC — $250,000 over 3y, 6.6% of budgetGuernica Centre for InternationalJustice — $250,000 over 4y, 8.0% of budgetAUSCHWITZ INSTITUTE FOR THE PREVENTION OF GENOCIDE AND MASS ATROCITIES — $230,000 over 4y, 2.7% of budgetWINDWARD FUND — $230,000 over 1y, 0.1% of budgetGEORGIA ALLIANCE EDUCATION FUND INC — $225,000 over 2y, 6.4% of budgetFUSION PARTNERSHIP INC — $219,000 over 1y, 1.4% of budgetJEWS UNITED FOR JUSTICE INC — $205,000 over 4y, 2.2% of budgetWin Without War Education Fund — $180,000 over 3y, 9.2% of budgetIMAGINE NORTH CAROLINA FIRST — $175,000 over 1y, 3.3% of budgetCASA INC — $140,000 over 3y, 0.2% of budgetPEF ISRAEL ENDOWMENT FUNDS INC — $140,000 over 2y, 0.1% of budgetIOWA CITIZENS FOR COMMUNITY IMPROVEMENT — $135,000 over 3y, 3.1% of budgetPA Alliance Foundation — $125,000 over 1y, 4.9% of budgetMAINE PEOPLE'S RESOURCE CENTER — $115,000 over 2y, 2.1% of budgetFRONT LINE USA FOUNDATION — $105,000 over 3y, 5.9% of budgetWORKING AMERICA EDUCATION FUND — $100,000 over 2y, 0.6% of budgetTHE ASSOCIATED JEWISH COMMUNITY FEDERATION OF BALTIMORE INC — $100,000 over 1y, 0.2% of budgetSPRING STREET CLIMATE FUND INC — $100,000 over 2y, 8.8% of budgetCENTER FOR POPULAR DEMOCRACY INC — $90,000 over 2y, 0.2% of budgetNational Center for Youth Law — $90,000 over 2y, 0.4% of budgetBALTIMORE COMMUNITY FOUNDATION INC — $90,000 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetTHE OHIO ORGANIZING COLLABORATIVE — $75,000 over 1y, 0.9% of budgetSkylight Engagement Inc — $75,000 over 3y, 6.6% of budgetBALTIMORE MUSEUM OF ART — $75,000 over 2y, 0.2% of budgetNEW ISRAEL FUND — $70,000 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetFUND FOR GLOBAL HUMAN RIGHTS INC — $70,000 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetNEW VENTURE FUND — $60,000 over 3y, 0.0% of budgetADELANTE LATINA INC — $55,000 over 4y, 7.1% of budgetBVM CAPACITY BUILDING INSTITUTE INC — $50,000 over 2y, 0.1% of budgetYellowhammer Fund — $50,000 over 2y, 1.0% of budgetASIAN AMERICANS ADVANCING JUSTICE ATLANTA INC — $50,000 over 2y, 0.5% of budgetBUSINESS EDUCATION FUND — $50,000 over 1y, 2.5% of budgetINDIGENOUS WOMEN RISING INDIGEOUS WOMEN RISING — $50,000 over 2y, 1.5% of budgetPEOPLE'S ACTION — $50,000 over 1y, 4.8% of budgetUNITED WE DREAM NETWORK INC — $50,000 over 3y, 0.2% of budgetNORTH MAIN STREET FUND — $50,000 over 1y, 3.4% of budgetCRISTOSAL INC — $45,000 over 2y, 0.8% of budgetCOMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS INC — $45,000 over 2y, 0.2% of budgetRURAL ARIZONA ENGAGEMENT — $40,000 over 1y, 1.6% of budgetURGENT ACTION FUND FOR FEMINIST ACTIVISM — $40,000 over 2y, 0.2% of budgetCITIZEN ACTION OF WISCONSIN EDUCATION FUND INC — $40,000 over 1y, 3.3% of budgetTransgender Law Center — $40,000 over 2y, 0.1% of budget
Go grantee by grantee — a decade per org, and how each moved after you funded them

A decade per grantee — revenue shaded, your grants as bars, all rows on one timeline.

The grantmakers whose grantees overlap with yours far more than size alone predicts. Each orbits closer the stronger the alignment; the arcs between them show where they also fund each other. Here it reads as a tightly interlocked camp — most of these funders back each other's grantees too.

Amalgamated Charitabl…Tides FoundationWindward FundFoundation to Promote…New Venture FundHopewell FundNEO Philanthropy IncAll Hands on Deck Net…Wellspring Philanthro…The Jm Kaplan Fund IncBaltimore Community F…Rockefeller Philanthr…
Amalgamated Charitable Foundation IncDC56.9× affinity36 shared granteesties to 11 of 11Hover any node to trace its alignments.Compare side by side →

Open a dossier: Amalgamated Charitable Foundation Inc · Tides Foundation · Windward Fund · Foundation to Promote Open Society · New Venture Fund · Hopewell Fund · NEO Philanthropy Inc · All Hands on Deck Network Inc · Wellspring Philanthropic Fund Inc · The Jm Kaplan Fund Inc · Baltimore Community Foundation Inc · Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors Inc

Affinity is a Gamma-Poisson posterior co-funding rate, re-centered on the typical rate, so thin evidence shrinks toward no signal. A research starting point: overlap is association, not proof of shared intent.

Government reliance of your grantees

Every dot is one organization The Lois & Irving Blum Foundation Inc funds. Left–right is the share of its income from government; up–down is the share from you. Bigger dots raise more. Filter to federal, a single department, or state — and drag the year to watch it move.

2024
’20’21’22’23’24’25
no gov · 90%4%15%34%60%your share of their income ↑0%25%50%75%100%share of the org’s income from government →median 6%
  • Hias Inc — 88% of income from government
  • The House of Ruth Maryland Inc — 19% of income from government
  • Johns Hopkins University — 12% of income from government
  • Casa Inc — 8% of income from government
  • The American Visionary Art Museum Inc — 6% of income from government
  • Baltimore Museum of Art — 4% of income from government
  • Fusion Partnership Inc — 3% of income from government
  • The Associated Jewish Community Federation of Baltimore Inc — 1% of income from government
  • Fund for Educational Excellence Inc — 1% of income from government
  • Goucher College — 0% of income from government
no gov moneyreceives it· size = income
9get no government money at all
21report government grants on their 990 we could not trace to a source (not plotted)
1rely on government for over half their income
typical government reliance, FY20–25

Government income is each org’s traced federal awards (USASpending — grants and contracts) plus state payments (open checkbooks) as a share of its total revenue (IRS Form 990); the self-reported government-grant line (990 line 1e) is carried for cross-check: a grantee that reports government grants we could not trace to a source is left off the chart rather than shown as receiving none. An association, not a claim that your grant caused the public funding. Coverage is precision-first — a floor, not a census; state records exist for 9 states, so a grantee outside them shows no state figure (dimmed) rather than a false zero. Federal award amounts are obligations, which can span years, so a single-year share is indicative. 990 filings lag 12–24 months.

05Through Plinth

Warm introductions · Powered by PlinthPlus

How do I get to The Lois & Irving Blum Foundation Inc?

Find your warmest path to The Lois & Irving Blum Foundation Inc through trustees and officers whose names appear on both boards. Search for your organization and Plinth traces the shortest route it can evidence.

Each link is a name appearing on two organizations’ public IRS 990 filings, matched on that name and, where the filings support it, on location. A same-state match has geographic support, which is a second matching feature rather than confirmation that the two are one person; a cross-state one is the likeliest to be two people who share a name. Every hop shows its tier, low-confidence and distant paths are held back rather than guessed, and it is worth confirming the person before you use the introduction.

On method. Every financial figure here is read directly from IRS e-file XML — your own 990/990-PF and the multi-year returns of the 179 grantees we resolved across every year we hold, several hundred filings in all (a different count from the grant rows on the cover, which are one fiscal year)— each linked to its source. Grantee achievements and outcomes are each organization’s own program-service reporting (Form 990, Part III); we read these as association with sustained funding — the foundation is one of several forces — suppress low-confidence name matches rather than guess, and say so where a figure rests on a single grant or filing. Not everything on this page is a filed figure, and the difference matters. Filed is what you reported on your return. Official is another government record about an organization, such as a federal award or a charity register, joined by name where no shared identifier exists. Resolved is an identity we worked out where the filing named a recipient without an EIN, kept only above a measured confidence threshold. Computed is arithmetic over those, like themes, portfolio clusters and co-funder strength. Context is a statistic about a place rather than about an organization, which is what the need overlay is: it describes the area a grantee’s address sits in, not where its work lands. Inferred is drawn by a model from text, like the partnerships read out of public news and organization websites. Each is labeled where it appears. How we build these →

Generated from your IRS Form 990-PF e-file return for fiscal year 2022, released 2022. Filings run roughly 12–24 months behind; figures are dated accordingly.

Source object · view filing

More from the funding graph

The unnamed billions
grants reported with no recipient in the public record
The regranting layer
51% of grant dollars land in the regranting layer
The DAF merry-go-round
$9.7B circulates between donor-advised funds
The endowment market
who holds foundation money, and what just moved
The camps
funders cluster by geography, not ideology
By state
where grant money is based, and what stays home