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Zadoc W & Lawrence N Brown Foundation at a glance

· Private foundation

Zadoc W & Lawrence N Brown Foundation

Its FY2024 filing reports that it funds preselected organizations and did not take unsolicited requests; check the foundation's own site before ruling it out.

$15k
Granted FY2024still arriving
9
Grants FY2024still arriving
1
States reached
$5k
Largest
01What it fundsRead
02The needRead
03Its granteesRead
04Its fieldRead
05Through PlinthRead
01What it funds
01100% classified

What it funded, over time

Every grant placed by its stated purpose and the recipient’s mission, by year, FY2020 to 2024.

Arts & Culture$29kEnvironment$20kHuman Services$17kEducation$14kAnimals$2kHousing & Shelter$925Food & Nutrition$500
02FY2024 · 9 grants

Where the money goes

Grants by size, and the largest recipients.

$1,000
Median grant
1
States reached
$381k
Total assets
Largest grants
RecipientAmount
BISHOP MUSEUM$5,000
SEABURY HALL$5,000
THE OUTDOOR CIRCLE$1,000
MONTESSORI SCHOOL OF MAUI$1,000
MAUI NUI BOTANICAL GARDENS INC$1,000
NA KEIKI O EMALIA$500
MISSION HOUSES MUSEUM$500
HAWAIIAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY$500
HISTORIC HAWAII FOUNDATION$500
02The need
03

Does the money reach high-need areas?

Each grant placed by the hardship in its grantee’s ZIP, against the area’s typical level.

show:

Dollar for dollar, its grants (FY20–24) land where the poverty rate runs at 10%, against an area that typically sits at 7%. 100% of its dollars go to grantees based in above-average-need neighborhoods. Most of its grants land in higher-need ZIPs.

area typical 7%SEABURY HALL: $5k → 9%THE OUTDOOR CIRCLE: $1k → 9%THE FOOD BASKET INC: $500 → 15%SEABURY HALL: $2k → 9%THE OUTDOOR CIRCLE: $950 → 9%ALA KAHAKAI TRAIL ASSOCIATION: $4k → 15%SEABURY HALL: $2k → 9%THE OUTDOOR CIRCLE: $925 → 9%ALA KAHAKAI TRAIL ASSOCIATION: $3k → 15%SEABURY HALL: $2k → 9%THE OUTDOOR CIRCLE: $800 → 9%ALA KAHAKAI TRAIL ASSOCIATION: $2k → 15%ASSISTANCE DOGS OF HAWAII: $1k → 9%THE OUTDOOR CIRCLE: $550 → 9%ALA KAHAKAI TRAIL ASSOCIATION: $2k → 15%MONTESSORI SCHOOL OF MAUI: $1k → 9%BISHOP MUSEUM: $5k → 9%MONTESSORI SCHOOL OF MAUI: $800 → 9%BISHOP MUSEUM: $4k → 9%MONTESSORI SCHOOL OF MAUI: $675 → 9%BISHOP MUSEUM: $3k → 9%ASSISTANCE DOGS OF HAWAII: $625 → 9%BISHOP MUSEUM: $3k → 9%MONTESSORI SCHOOL OF MAUI: $600 → 9%BISHOP MUSEUM: $3k → 9%MONTESSORI SCHOOL OF MAUI: $550 → 9%HISTORIC HAWAII FOUNDATION: $2k → 9%MAUI ARTS & CULTURAL CENTER: $575 → 9%HISTORIC HAWAII FOUNDATION: $2k → 9%NA KEIKI O EMALIA: $7k → 9%HISTORIC HAWAII FOUNDATION: $800 → 9%NA KEIKI O EMALIA: $5k → 9%HISTORIC HAWAII FOUNDATION: $550 → 9%NA KEIKI O EMALIA: $2k → 9%THE NATURE CONSERVANCY OF HAWAII: $500 → 9%NA KEIKI O EMALIA: $2k → 9%HISTORIC HAWAII FOUNDATION: $500 → 9%NA KEIKI O EMALIA: $500 → 9%THE HAWAIIAN MISSION CHILDREN'S SOCIETY: $2k → 9%MISSION HOUSES MUSEUM: $2k → 9%LUNALILO HOME: $925 → 9%THE HAWAIIAN MISSION CHILDREN'S SOCIETY: $800 → 9%MISSION HOUSES MUSEUM: $500 → 9%MISSION HOUSES MUSEUM: $500 → 9%HAWAIIAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY: $500 → 9%0%20%40%50%more need →
grant to an above-average-need area below average· circle size = grant amount
How this is measured
Matched: human-services grants are those whose grantee’s IRS cause code is Human Services. Placed by people below the poverty line in the grantee’s ZIP, averaged from the tracts in that ZIP.
How this is measured
US grants placed by each grantee’s ZIP, which can differ from where services are delivered. Need from public data (U.S. Census/ACS, CDC PLACES, Eviction Lab, USDA), shown as context about the area, never attributed to the funder’s giving.
04

Where the work is directed

The same grants placed two ways: where each recipient sits, and where its stated purpose sends the money.

About 9% of Zadoc W & Lawrence N Brown Foundation’s grant dollars are earmarked for a different county than the recipient’s own address. By recipient address, 100% of the giving stays in HI; by stated purpose, 87%.

Zadoc W & Lawrence N Brown Foundationlessmore of its giving
Placed by recipient address · 13% directed abroad (not shown)
How this is measured
Recipient view: each grant at its grantee’s ZIP, mapped to a county. Directed view: each grant at the county its stated purpose names, falling back to the recipient’s county when the purpose names no place; US grants only. A county shows only if it carries the top 95% of that view’s dollars. Purposes are read from the funder’s own 990 grant descriptions.
03Its grantees
repeat funding

Who it funds again

Organizations funded in more than one year, against those funded once.

97%of every dollar goes to organizations it has funded before.
$80k · 11 repeat orgs$3k to everyone else

Grantees it renews have grown median revenue +49% since the first grant, against +15% for those funded once.

11 repeat relationships: 8 still active in FY2024, 3 since wound down; 1 grantees were first funded in FY2024 (too recent to call).

How the two cohorts compare

Re-uppedFunded once

Organizations

11
3

Total granted

$80k
$2k

Median revenue growth · since first grant

+49%
+15%

Still filing today

91%
100%

New vs renewed · share of each year

In FY2024, 97% of grant dollars renewed an existing relationship; $500 went to new ones.

50%100%’20’21’22’23’24
RenewedFirst-time

Where new relationships form · theme of each grantee’s first grant

’20’21’22’23’24
Arts & CultureEnvironmentEducationAnimalsFood & NutritionOther
How this is measured
First-time means a grantee’s first year in the filing window; renewed means funded in an earlier year too. The renewed share climbs naturally as a portfolio matures, so the signal is a year that bucks it (a wave of new grantees). The earliest year is left-censored: relationships that predate the data read as new. Theme is the grantee’s IRS cause.

Backed again, and grew

  • BM
    BISHOP MUSEUM
    5× · 2020–2024 · $18k · revenue +102%
  • NK
    NA KEIKI O EMALIA
    5× · 2020–2024 · $17k · revenue +114%
  • AK
    ALA KAHAKAI TRAIL ASSOCIATION
    4× · 2020–2023 · $11k · revenue +10%

Funded once

  • LH
    LUNALILO HOME
    one grant, 2020 · $925 · revenue +15%
  • MA
    MAUI ARTS & CULTURAL CENTER
    one grant, 2020 · $575 · revenue +20%
  • TF
    THE FOOD BASKET INC
    one grant, 2020 · $500 · revenue -14%
How this is measured

Repeat means funded in two or more distinct years. Growth and survival are read from each grantee’s own subsequent IRS filings.

04Its field

Closest unfunded matches

The nonprofits that most resemble its grantees but are not funded by it, scored along the direction from the rest of the field toward the portfolio. A resemblance in what they say they do, not a recommendation.

1
Na 'Aina Kai Botanical Gardens
Philanthropy
2
E Kupaku Ka Aina - the Hawaii Land Restoration Institute
Environment
3
Na Kua Aina O Waimanalo
Arts & Culture
4
Na Mamo o Kawa

to rehabilitate, curate, and steward the natural and cultural resources of Kawa to honor the past, benefit the present, and preserve for the future generations of Ka'u, the Island of Hawaii and all humankind.

Environment
5
Hui Aloha Kiholo

Our mission is to protect, perpetuate, and enhance the cultural and natural landscape of the kiholo bay area through collaborative management and active community stewardship.

Arts & Culture
6
Malama Kua Aina
Environment
7
Hawaii - American Nurses Association Foundation
Environment
8
Hawaii Maritime Center
—
9
Hawaii Book and Music Festival
Arts & Culture
10
Ka Ha O Ka Aina
Environment
11
Hui Malama I Ke Ala Ulili

To re-establish the systems that sustain our community through educational initiatives and land-based practices that cultivate abundance, regenerate responsibilities, and promote collective health and well being.

Community Improvement
12
Conservation Council for Hawaii

Dedicated to the protection of native hawaiian plants, animals, and ecosystems for future generations.

Environment
How this is measured
The grantee most central to the portfolio’s shape is Historic Hawai'i Foundation; the most unlike its peers is Lunalilo Home. Resemblance is measured on each organization’s own IRS 990 mission text; it reflects how work is described, not its quality or impact.
05the grantee network

15 grantees tracked through their own filings, 2017–2025.

Each grant beside the grantee’s revenue from every source, year by year.

How this is measured

Counted here: distinct organizations funded across 2017 to 2025, not grant rows in a single year, so this will not match the grant count on the cover. 15 of the 16 grantees resolved in that span have returns of their own we could reconcile.

Each grantee is resolved to its own IRS returns. Association, dated; never a causal claim.

0
Load-bearing (≥25% of a budget)
3
Early backer (in before they grew)
15/15
Grantees still filing
12/15
Grew since first funded

Where the money sits, by cause and then by grantee

NA KEIKI O EMALIA: $16,625 · OtherNA KEIKI O EMALIASEABURY HALL: $10,500 · OtherSEABURY HALLMISSION HOUSES MUSEUM: $2,525 · OtherMISSION HOUSES MUSEUM+2 more: $1,425 · OtherBISHOP MUSEUM: $17,700 · Arts & CultureBISHOP MUSEUMHISTORIC HAWAI'I FOUNDATION: $4,975 · Arts & CultureHISTORIC HAWAI'I FOUNDATIONHAWAIIAN MISSION CHILDREN'S SOCIETY: $2,400 · Arts & CultureHAWAIIAN MISSION CHILDREN'S SOCIETY+2 more: $1,075 · Arts & CultureALA KAHAKAI TRAIL ASSOCIATION: $10,600 · EnvironmentALA KAHAKAI TRAIL ASSOCIAT…MAUI NUI BOTANICAL GARDENS INC: $4,800 · EnvironmentMAUI NUI BOTANICAL GARDENS…THE OUTDOOR CIRCLE: $4,225 · EnvironmentTHE OUTDOOR CIRCLEMONTESSORI OF MAUI INC: $3,625 · EducationASSISTANCE DOGS OF HAWAII: $1,625 · AnimalsTHE FOOD BASKET INC: $500 · Food & Nutrition
Other$31,075Arts & Culture$26,150Environment$19,625Education$3,625Animals$1,625Food & Nutrition$500

Each grantee by its size and the funder’s share of it; top left is load-bearing

25%50%75%100%$1.0M$10M$100Mgrantee revenue →↑ funder's share of their budgetBISHOP MUSEUM: $17,700 over 5y, 0.0% of budgetNA KEIKI O EMALIA: $16,625 over 5y, 2.8% of budgetALA KAHAKAI TRAIL ASSOCIATION: $10,600 over 4y, 1.7% of budgetSEABURY HALL: $10,500 over 4y, 0.0% of budgetHISTORIC HAWAI'I FOUNDATION: $4,975 over 5y, 0.1% of budgetMAUI NUI BOTANICAL GARDENS INC: $4,800 over 5y, 0.3% of budgetTHE OUTDOOR CIRCLE: $4,225 over 5y, 0.4% of budgetMONTESSORI OF MAUI INC: $3,625 over 5y, 0.0% of budgetHAWAIIAN MISSION CHILDREN'S SOCIETY: $2,400 over 2y, 0.1% of budgetASSISTANCE DOGS OF HAWAII: $1,625 over 2y, 0.1% of budgetLUNALILO HOME: $925 over 1y, 0.0% of budgetMAUI ARTS & CULTURAL CENTER: $575 over 1y, 0.0% of budgetTHE NATURE CONSERVANCY: $500 over 1y, 0.0% of budgetTHE FOOD BASKET INC: $500 over 1y, 0.0% of budgetHAWAIIAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY: $500 over 1y, 0.2% of budget
Grantee by grantee: a decade per organization, before and after funding

A decade per grantee: revenue shaded, grants as bars, all rows on one timeline.

Co-funders

Grantmakers whose grantees overlap with this funder’s far more than size alone predicts. Closer means stronger alignment; arcs show where they also fund each other. Here they form a tightly interlocked group: most of these funders back each other's grantees too.

The Strong FoundationHawaii Council for Hu…Fred Baldwin Memorial…Atherton Family Found…The Queen's Medical C…Bank of Hawaii Charit…Armstrong FoundationDolores F Martin Foun…Bendon Family Foundat…The Red Cabin Foundat…National Philanthropi…Donor Advised Charita…
The Strong FoundationHI17.9× affinity6 shared granteesties to 11 of 11Hover any node to trace its alignments.Compare side by side →

Open a dossier: The Strong Foundation · Hawaii Council for Humanities · Fred Baldwin Memorial Foundation · Atherton Family Foundation · The Queen's Medical Center · Bank of Hawaii Charitable Fdn · Armstrong Foundation · Dolores F Martin Foundation · Bendon Family Foundation · The Red Cabin Foundation Trust · National Philanthropic Trust · Donor Advised Charitable Giving Inc

How this is measured
Affinity is a Gamma-Poisson posterior co-funding rate, re-centered on the typical rate, so thin evidence shrinks toward no signal. Overlap is association, not proof of shared intent.

How much its grantees rely on government

Each dot is one organization Zadoc W & Lawrence N Brown Foundation funds: left to right is the share of its income from government, bottom to top the share from Zadoc W & Lawrence N Brown Foundation. Bigger dots raise more.

2024
’20’21’22’23’24’25
no gov · 00%0%1%3%5%funder's share of their income ↑0%25%50%75%100%share of the org’s income from government →
    no gov moneyreceives it· size = income
    0get no government money at all
    5report government grants on their 990 we could not trace to a source (not plotted)
    0rely on government for over half their income
    typical government reliance, FY20–25
    How this is measured
    Government income is each org’s traced federal awards (USASpending grants and contracts) plus state payments (open checkbooks) as a share of its total revenue (IRS Form 990); the self-reported government-grant line (990 line 1e) is carried for cross-check: a grantee that reports government grants we could not trace to a source is left off the chart rather than shown as receiving none. An association, not a claim that a grant caused the public funding. Coverage is precision-first, a floor rather than a census; state records exist for 9 states, so a grantee outside them shows no state figure (dimmed) rather than a false zero. Federal award amounts are obligations, which can span years, so a single-year share is indicative. 990 filings lag 12 to 24 months.
    05Through Plinth

    Warm introductions · Powered by PlinthPlus

    How do I get to Zadoc W & Lawrence N Brown Foundation?

    Find your warmest path to Zadoc W & Lawrence N Brown Foundation through trustees and officers whose names appear on both boards. Search for your organization and Plinth traces the shortest route it can evidence.

    Each link is a name appearing on two organizations’ public IRS 990 filings, matched on that name and, where the filings support it, on location. A same-state match has geographic support, which is a second matching feature rather than confirmation that the two are one person; a cross-state one is the likeliest to be two people who share a name. Every hop shows its tier, low-confidence and distant paths are held back rather than guessed, and it is worth confirming the person before you use the introduction.

    On method. Every financial figure here is read from IRS e-file XML, the funder’s own 990/990-PF, and from the multi-year returns of the 16 grantees we resolved, each linked to its source. Grantee outcomes are each organization’s own program-service reporting (Form 990, Part III), read as association with funding, never as caused by it. Low-confidence name matches are suppressed rather than guessed. How we build these →

    How this is measured
    Each figure carries one of six labels. Filed is what the funder reported on its return. Official is another government record about an organization, such as a federal award or a charity register, joined by name where no shared identifier exists. Resolved is an identity we worked out where the filing named a recipient without an EIN, kept only above a measured confidence threshold. Computed is arithmetic over those, like themes, portfolio clusters and co-funder strength. Context is a statistic about a place rather than about an organization, which is what the need overlay is: it describes the area a grantee’s address sits in, not where its work lands. Inferred is drawn by a model from text, like the partnerships read out of public news and organization websites. Each is labeled where it appears.

    Generated from the IRS Form 990-PF e-file return for fiscal year 2024, released 2024. Filings run roughly 12 to 24 months behind; figures are dated accordingly.

    Source object · view filing

    Play a game based on Zadoc W & Lawrence N Brown’s filings →

    More from the funding graph

    The unnamed billions
    grants reported with no recipient in the public record
    The regranting layer
    51% of grant dollars land in the regranting layer
    The DAF merry-go-round
    $9.7B circulates between donor-advised funds
    The endowment market
    who holds foundation money, and what just moved
    The camps
    funders cluster by geography, not ideology
    By state
    where grant money is based, and what stays home