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Start Early at a glanceMostly funded, not a grantmaker: see who funds it →

· Public charity

Start Early

START EARLY advances quality early learning for families with children, before birth through their earliest years, to help close the opportunity gap.

$37M
Granted FY2025still arriving
51
Grants FY2025still arriving
17
States reached
$3.7M
Largest
01What it fundsRead
02The needRead
03Its granteesRead
04Its fieldRead
01What it funds
01100% classified

What it funded, over time

Every grant placed by its stated purpose and the recipient’s mission, by year, FY2017 to 2025.

Human Services$159MEducation$28MHealth$25MCrime & Legal$1.8MYouth Development$1.3MPublic Benefit$689kCivil Rights$434kPhilanthropy$424kOther$0
02FY2025 · 51 grants

Where the money goes

Grants by size, and the largest recipients.

By grant size · FY2025

  • $10k–50k1 grant · $21k
  • $50k–250k21 grants · $2.5M
  • $250k+29 grants · $34M
$389,431
Median grant
17
States reached
$124M
Total assets
Largest grants
RecipientAmount
MARILLAC SOCIAL CENTER$3,707,485
CHICAGO CHILD CARE SOCIETY$3,284,713
EL HOGAR$3,118,820
ONE HOPE UNITED$2,456,810
FAMILY FOCUS INC$2,288,127
CASA CENTRAL$2,205,660
SGA YOUTH & FAMILY SERVICES$1,412,403
THE CHILDREN'S HOME$1,361,477
CHILDREN'S HOME AIDCHILDREN'S SOCIETY OF IL$1,279,149
ASIAN HUMAN SERVICES$1,244,947
THE CHILDREN'S PLACE ASSOCIATION$1,090,150
CATHOLIC CHARITIES$1,059,627
UNITED METHODIST CHILDREN'S HOME$918,350
PUBLIC HEALTH FOUNDATION OF NW IL$794,408
YMCA OF CHICAGO$780,104
02The need
03

Does the money reach high-need areas?

Each grant placed by the hardship in its grantee’s ZIP, against the area’s typical level.

show:

Its human-services grants (FY17–25, $145.0M) land where the poverty rate runs at 13%, against an area that typically sits at 11%. 87% of those dollars go to grantees based in above-average-need neighborhoods. Most of its grants land in higher-need ZIPs.

area typical 11%One Hope United: $2.5M → 8%Children's Home AidChildren's Foundation: $1.4M → 11%The Children's Home: $1.5M → 14%ONE HOPE UNITED: $2.5M → 8%THE CHILDREN'S HOME: $1.4M → 14%One Hope United: $2.2M → 8%The Children's Home: $1.3M → 14%ONE HOPE UNITED: $2.0M → 8%One Hope United: $2.0M → 8%One Hope United: $1.7M → 8%One Hope United: $1.7M → 8%One Hope United: $1.6M → 8%MARILLAC SOCIAL CENTER: $3.7M → 14%SGA Youth & Family Services: $2.2M → 14%Marillac Social Center: $3.0M → 14%SGA Youth & Family Services: $1.7M → 14%Marillac Social Center: $2.9M → 14%SGA Youth & Family Services: $1.5M → 14%Marillac Social Center: $2.2M → 14%SGA YOUTH & FAMILY SERVICES: $1.4M → 14%Casa Central: $2.5M → 14%Casa Central: $2.3M → 14%Casa Central: $2.3M → 14%CASA CENTRAL: $2.2M → 14%Casa Central: $2.1M → 14%Casa Central: $2.0M → 14%CASA CENTRAL: $1.9M → 14%Casa Central: $1.8M → 14%The Children's Place Association: $1.4M → 14%Asian Human Services: $2.1M → 14%Asian Human Services: $1.7M → 14%Asian Human Services: $1.7M → 14%FAMILY FOCUS INC: $2.3M → 14%Family Focus Inc: $2.0M → 14%Aunt Martha's YSP: $1.5M → 14%Family Focus Inc: $1.3M → 14%Family Focus Inc: $1.3M → 14%FAMILY FOCUS INC: $1.3M → 14%CHICAGO CHILD CARE SOCIETY: $3.3M → 14%Chicago Child Care Society: $2.7M → 14%Chicago Child Care Society: $2.6M → 14%Chicago Child Care Society: $2.6M → 14%Children's Home AidChildren's Society of IL: $2.0M → 14%Children's Home AidChildren's Society of IL: $1.5M → 14%Children's Home AidChildren's Society of IL: $1.5M → 14%Children's Home AidChildren's Society of IL: $1.5M → 14%CHILDREN'S HOME AIDCHILDREN'S SOCIETY OF IL: $1.3M → 14%CHILDREN'S HOME AIDCHILDREN'S SOCIETY OF IL: $1.3M → 14%0%20%40%50%more need →
grant to an above-average-need area below average· circle size = grant amount
How this is measured
Matched: human-services grants are those whose grantee’s IRS cause code is Human Services. Placed by people below the poverty line in the grantee’s ZIP, averaged from the tracts in that ZIP.

Which US states its grants reach

ME
WA
IL
WI
MI
MA
OR
PA
CA
CO
NE
MD
AZ
KS
TN
NC
DC
OK
LA
GA
TX
FL
How this is measured
US grants placed by each grantee’s ZIP, which can differ from where services are delivered. Need from public data (U.S. Census/ACS, CDC PLACES, Eviction Lab, USDA), shown as context about the area, never attributed to the funder’s giving.
03Its grantees
repeat funding

Who it funds again

Organizations funded in more than one year, against those funded once.

100%of every dollar goes to organizations it has funded before.
$216M · 64 repeat orgs$755k to everyone else

Grantees it renews have grown median revenue +56% since the first grant, against 0% for those funded once.

64 repeat relationships: 50 still active in FY2025, 14 since wound down.

How the two cohorts compare

Re-uppedFunded once

Organizations

64
11

Total granted

$216M
$755k

Median revenue growth · since first grant

+56%
0%

Still filing today

78%
73%

New vs renewed · share of each year

In FY2025, 100% of grant dollars renewed an existing relationship; $0 went to new ones.

50%100%’17’18’19’21’22’23’24’25
RenewedFirst-time

Where new relationships form · theme of each grantee’s first grant

’17’18’19’21’22’23’24’25
Human ServicesEducationHealthPublic BenefitYouth DevelopmentRecreation & SportsOther
How this is measured
First-time means a grantee’s first year in the filing window; renewed means funded in an earlier year too. The renewed share climbs naturally as a portfolio matures, so the signal is a year that bucks it (a wave of new grantees). The earliest year is left-censored: relationships that predate the data read as new. Theme is the grantee’s IRS cause.

Backed again, and grew

  • CC
    CASA CENTRAL SOCIAL SERVICES CORPORATION
    8× · 2017–2025 · $17M · revenue +43%
  • OH
    One Hope United
    8× · 2017–2025 · $16M · revenue +170%
  • MS
    MARILLAC ST VINCENT FAMILY SERVICES INC
    8× · 2017–2025 · $13M · revenue +12%

Funded once

  • TA
    Texas A&M San Antonio Foundation
    one grant, 2024 · $250k · revenue 0%
  • CC
    Champaign County MH Center
    one grant, 2017 · $127k
  • CF
    Council for a Strong America
    one grant, 2017 · $125k · revenue -96%
How this is measured

Repeat means funded in two or more distinct years. Growth and survival are read from each grantee’s own subsequent IRS filings.

04Its field

Closest unfunded matches

The nonprofits that most resemble its grantees but are not funded by it, scored along the direction from the rest of the field toward the portfolio. A resemblance in what they say they do, not a recommendation.

1
Start Early

Start early advances quality early learning for families with children, before birth through their earliest years, to help close the opportunity gap.

—
2
Concordia Place

Concordia place's continuum of programs support families throughout their children's development, from the neonatal period through college entry: home visiting for expecting parents and infants, early childhood education and care for…

Human Services
3
Child Parent Centers

We deliver head start and related programs throughout southeastern az for prenatal through preschool aged children and their families. the focus of our work is: early childhood education & school readiness; health & nutrition; and parent…

Education
4
Smart Love Parenting Center

To provide a variety of programs in the chicago area to help children, parents, and adults achieve greater inner well-being, sustain closer relationships, and have more pleasurable family, school, and work lives.

Human Services
5
Children's Council of San Francisco

By advocating for quality early care and education, empowering families with information and financial support, and building the capabilities of educators, Children's Council of San Francisco ensures that every child in San Francisco has…

Human Services
6
Lemay Child and Family Center

Lemay child and family center provides early education and support for families in a diverse, nurturing environment regardless of financial situation or a child's developmental level. our goal is to strengthen families by promoting…

Human Services
7
Family Services Inc

To strengthen the well-being and development of families and individuals through professional human services programs, including therapy, counseling, education, special assistance, and advocacy.

Human Services
8
Childstrive

Childstrive builds on the relationships, strengths, and unique abilities of young children and their families by fostering social, emotional, and physical well-being so all children can flourish.

—
9
Community Coordinated Child Care Inc

Advocate for early childhood social & economic development and professionals who work with children and their families to advance this mission.

Human Services
10
The Committee for Hispanic Children and Families Inc

The organization is dedicated to combining education and advocacy to expand opportunities for children and families in order to strengthen the voice of the latino community based on the belief that the most effective way to support latino…

Human Services
11
The Campbell Institute

Children's institute's mission is to leverage research, practice, policy, and advocacy to shift systems toward justice for families so that all of oregon's children, prenatal to grade 5, have access to opportunity.

Unclassified
12
Illinois Institute for Children

Providing Social Services to Families including Child Care

Human Services
How this is measured
The grantee most central to the portfolio’s shape is Children's Home & Aid Society of Ill; the most unlike its peers is Republican Main Street Partnership. Resemblance is measured on each organization’s own IRS 990 mission text; it reflects how work is described, not its quality or impact.
04the grantee network

60 grantees tracked through their own filings, 2017–2025.

Each grant beside the grantee’s revenue from every source, year by year.

How this is measured

Counted here: distinct organizations funded across 2017 to 2025, not grant rows in a single year, so this will not match the grant count on the cover. 60 of the 76 grantees resolved in that span have returns of their own we could reconcile.

Each grantee is resolved to its own IRS returns. Association, dated; never a causal claim.

5
Load-bearing (≥25% of a budget)
9
Early backer (in before they grew)
59/60
Grantees still filing
44/60
Grew since first funded

Where the money sits, by cause and then by grantee

CASA CENTRAL SOCIAL SERVICES CORPORATION: $17,263,626 · Human ServicesCASA CENTRAL SOCIAL SERVICES CORPORATIONOne Hope United: $16,371,671 · Human ServicesOne Hope UnitedMARILLAC ST VINCENT FAMILY SERVICES INC: $12,888,388 · Human ServicesMARILLAC ST VINCENT FAMILY SERVICES INCCHILDREN'S HOME & AID SOCIETY OF ILL: $11,934,091 · Human ServicesCHILDREN'S HOME & AID SOCIETY OF ILLFamily Focus: $11,889,028 · Human ServicesFamily FocusSGA YOUTH & FAMILY SERVICES NFP: $11,160,481 · Human ServicesSGA YOUTH & FAMILY SERVICES NFPFAMILY FOCUS LEGACY: $11,109,970 · Human ServicesFAMILY FOCUS LEGACYCHILDREN'S HOME ASSOCIATION OF ILLINOIS: $8,907,184 · Human ServicesCHILDREN'S HOME ASSOCIATION OF ILLINOISTHE CHILDREN'S PLACE ASSOCIATION: $8,894,143 · Human ServicesTHE CHILDREN'S PLACE ASSOCIATIONASIAN HUMAN SERVICES: $6,769,383 · Human ServicesSPERO FAMILY SERVICES: $5,536,353 · Human ServicesAUNT MARTHA'S HEALTH AND WELLNESS INC: $4,961,149 · Human Services+13 more: $17,324,109 · Human Services+13 moreEL HOGAR DEL NINO: $12,369,788 · OtherEL HOGAR DEL NINOFirst Step Child Care Center: $6,484,938 · OtherFirst Step Child Care CenterCatholic Charities of the Archdiocese of Chicago: $5,158,820 · OtherCatholic Charities of the Arc…CHILDREN'S DEVELOPMENT CENTER: $4,638,677 · OtherCHILDREN'S DEVELOPMENT CENTERMACON-PIATT: $3,453,764 · OtherMACON-PIATTTEEN PARENT CONNECTION INC: $3,295,004 · OtherTEEN PARENT CONNECTION INCSANGAMON COUNTY DEPT OF PUBLIC HEALTH: $2,498,270 · OtherPILSEN LITTLE VILLAGE COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH CENTER INC: $2,475,555 · OtherTENNESSEE DEPT OF EDUCATION: $2,157,172 · Other+26 more: $13,645,191 · Other+26 morePUBLIC HEALTH FOUNDATION OF NORTHWEST IL: $4,875,853 · HealthADVOCATE NORTH SIDE HEALTH NETWORK: $1,551,600 · HealthCOMPREHENSIVE BEHAVIORAL HEALTH CENTER OF ST CLAIR COUNTY INC: $876,328 · HealthUNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MEDICAL CENTER RESEARCH INSTITUTE: $357,538 · HealthACADEMY FOR GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP CHARTER SCHOOL: $1,172,305 · EducationEDUCARE OF OMAHA INC: $662,666 · EducationEducare of West DuPage: $489,724 · EducationEDUCARE OF LINCOLN INC: $407,443 · EducationSPRINGFIELD OPERATIONS ECS INC: $384,445 · EducationTexas A&M San Antonio Foundation: $250,000 · EducationFRIENDS OF EDUCARE CALIFORNIA AT SILICON VALLEY: $224,952 · Education+1 more: $40,000 · EducationEVERYCHILD: $1,838,341 · Crime & LegalLIFT INC: $1,500,100 · EmploymentTULSA EDUCARE INC: $1,019,445 · Youth DevelopmentPENNSYLVANIA PARTNERSHIPS FOR CHILDREN: $50,000 · Youth Development
Human Services$145,009,576Other$56,177,179Health$7,661,319Education$3,631,535Crime & Legal$1,838,341Employment$1,500,100Youth Development$1,069,445

Each grantee by its size and the funder’s share of it; top left is load-bearing

25%50%75%100%$1.0M$10M$100Mgrantee revenue →↑ funder's share of their budgetCASA CENTRAL SOCIAL SERVICES CORPORATION: $17,263,626 over 8y, 13% of budgetOne Hope United: $16,371,671 over 8y, 5.9% of budgetMARILLAC ST VINCENT FAMILY SERVICES INC: $12,888,388 over 8y, 24% of budgetEL HOGAR DEL NINO: $12,369,788 over 4y, 45% of budgetCHILDREN'S HOME & AID SOCIETY OF ILL: $11,934,091 over 8y, 2.5% of budgetFamily Focus: $11,889,028 over 6y, 22% of budgetSGA YOUTH & FAMILY SERVICES NFP: $11,160,481 over 8y, 14% of budgetFAMILY FOCUS LEGACY: $11,109,970 over 8y, 46% of budgetCHILDREN'S HOME ASSOCIATION OF ILLINOIS: $8,907,184 over 8y, 4.4% of budgetTHE CHILDREN'S PLACE ASSOCIATION: $8,894,143 over 8y, 23% of budgetASIAN HUMAN SERVICES: $6,769,383 over 4y, 14% of budgetSPERO FAMILY SERVICES: $5,536,353 over 8y, 7.0% of budgetCatholic Charities of the Archdiocese of Chicago: $5,158,820 over 8y, 0.6% of budgetAUNT MARTHA'S HEALTH AND WELLNESS INC: $4,961,149 over 8y, 0.9% of budgetPUBLIC HEALTH FOUNDATION OF NORTHWEST IL: $4,875,853 over 8y, 75% of budgetNEW MOMS INC: $3,669,227 over 8y, 8.8% of budgetYWCA METROPOLITAN CHICAGO: $3,459,939 over 8y, 2.7% of budgetMetropolitan Family Services: $3,347,356 over 7y, 0.7% of budgetTEEN PARENT CONNECTION INC: $3,295,004 over 8y, 33% of budgetPILSEN LITTLE VILLAGE COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH CENTER INC: $2,475,555 over 8y, 1.8% of budgetVNA Health Care: $1,870,599 over 8y, 0.6% of budgetCHILD TRENDS INC: $1,870,309 over 5y, 1.6% of budgetEVERYCHILD: $1,838,341 over 8y, 13% of budgetThe YMCA of Metropolitan Chicago: $1,640,764 over 4y, 0.9% of budgetADVOCATE NORTH SIDE HEALTH NETWORK: $1,551,600 over 8y, 0.0% of budgetLIFT INC: $1,500,100 over 5y, 4.2% of budgetACADEMY FOR GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP CHARTER SCHOOL: $1,172,305 over 3y, 4.5% of budgetTULSA EDUCARE INC: $1,019,445 over 6y, 0.9% of budgetEDUCARE DC: $986,268 over 6y, 1.9% of budgetCOMPREHENSIVE BEHAVIORAL HEALTH CENTER OF ST CLAIR COUNTY INC: $876,328 over 3y, 8.1% of budgetTHE SHELTERING ARMS INC: $706,371 over 7y, 1.1% of budgetEDUCARE OF OMAHA INC: $662,666 over 6y, 1.1% of budgetCHRISTOPHER HOUSE: $612,961 over 6y, 0.8% of budgetEducare of West DuPage: $489,724 over 6y, 2.8% of budgetCENTER FOR AMERICAN PROGRESS: $479,000 over 2y, 0.6% of budgetUNITED WAY MIAMI INC: $423,557 over 6y, 0.2% of budgetTHE FRED ROGERS COMPANY: $423,303 over 4y, 0.6% of budgetEDUCARE OF LINCOLN INC: $407,443 over 6y, 2.1% of budgetCLOVER NOLA INC: $394,633 over 6y, 0.8% of budgetSPRINGFIELD OPERATIONS ECS INC: $384,445 over 5y, 16% of budgetSUNBEAM FAMILY SERVICES INC: $375,138 over 6y, 0.5% of budgetNEXT DOOR FOUNDATION INC: $357,788 over 6y, 0.4% of budgetUNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MEDICAL CENTER RESEARCH INSTITUTE: $357,538 over 6y, 0.1% of budgetGEORGE W CLAYTON TRUST: $351,598 over 7y, 0.4% of budgetKENNEBEC VALLEY COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAM: $331,105 over 6y, 0.2% of budgetSOUTHWEST HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INCORPORATED: $267,883 over 6y, 0.1% of budgetTexas A&M San Antonio Foundation: $250,000 over 1y, 16% of budgetHenry Booth House: $234,811 over 2y, 1.5% of budget
Grantee by grantee: a decade per organization, before and after funding

A decade per grantee: revenue shaded, grants as bars, all rows on one timeline.

  • Who funds CASA CENTRAL SOCIAL SERVICES CORPORATION ↗
  • Who funds One Hope United ↗
  • Who funds MARILLAC ST VINCENT FAMILY SERVICES INC ↗
  • Who funds EL HOGAR DEL NINO ↗
  • Who funds CHILDREN'S HOME & AID SOCIETY OF ILL ↗
  • Who funds Family Focus ↗
  • Who funds SGA YOUTH & FAMILY SERVICES NFP ↗
  • Who funds FAMILY FOCUS LEGACY ↗
  • Who funds CHILDREN'S HOME ASSOCIATION OF ILLINOIS ↗
  • Who funds THE CHILDREN'S PLACE ASSOCIATION ↗
  • Who funds ASIAN HUMAN SERVICES ↗
  • Who funds SPERO FAMILY SERVICES ↗
  • Who funds Catholic Charities of the Archdiocese of Chicago ↗
  • Who funds AUNT MARTHA'S HEALTH AND WELLNESS INC ↗
  • Who funds PUBLIC HEALTH FOUNDATION OF NORTHWEST IL ↗
  • Who funds NEW MOMS INC ↗
  • Who funds YWCA METROPOLITAN CHICAGO ↗
  • Who funds Metropolitan Family Services ↗
  • Who funds TEEN PARENT CONNECTION INC ↗
  • Who funds PILSEN LITTLE VILLAGE COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH CENTER INC ↗
  • Who funds VNA Health Care ↗
  • Who funds CHILD TRENDS INC ↗
  • Who funds EVERYCHILD ↗
  • Who funds The YMCA of Metropolitan Chicago ↗
  • Who funds ADVOCATE NORTH SIDE HEALTH NETWORK ↗
  • Who funds LIFT INC ↗
  • Who funds CENTERS FOR NEW HORIZONS INC ↗
  • Who funds ACADEMY FOR GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP CHARTER SCHOOL ↗
  • Who funds TULSA EDUCARE INC ↗
  • Who funds EDUCARE DC ↗
  • Who funds COMPREHENSIVE BEHAVIORAL HEALTH CENTER OF ST CLAIR COUNTY INC ↗

Co-funders

Grantmakers whose grantees overlap with this funder’s far more than size alone predicts. Closer means stronger alignment; arcs show where they also fund each other. Here they form a tightly interlocked group: most of these funders back each other's grantees too.

United Way of Metropo…Buffett Early Childho…The Chicago Community…The Irving Harris Fou…Robert R McCormick Fo…Greater Chicago Food …Alliance for Early Su…Northwestern Memorial…Bright Promises Found…Visiting Nurse Associ…Donley Foundation-Ud …Cme Group Foundation
United Way of Metropolitan Chicago IncIL33.8× affinity15 shared granteesties to 11 of 11Hover any node to trace its alignments.Compare side by side →

Open a dossier: United Way of Metropolitan Chicago Inc · Buffett Early Childhood Fund · The Chicago Community Trust · The Irving Harris Foundation · Robert R McCormick Foundation · Greater Chicago Food Depository · Alliance for Early Success Fka Birth to Five Policy Alliance · Northwestern Memorial HealthCare Group · Bright Promises Foundation · Visiting Nurse Association of Chicago (Aka) Vna Foundation · Donley Foundation-Ud Dtd 12-8-86 · Cme Group Foundation

How this is measured
Affinity is a Gamma-Poisson posterior co-funding rate, re-centered on the typical rate, so thin evidence shrinks toward no signal. Overlap is association, not proof of shared intent.

How much its grantees rely on government

Each dot is one organization Start Early funds: left to right is the share of its income from government, bottom to top the share from Start Early. Bigger dots raise more.

2024
’20’21’22’23’24’25
no gov · 10%6%25%56%100%funder's share of their income ↑0%25%50%75%100%share of the org’s income from government →median 50%
  • Sunbeam Family Services Inc: 52% of income from government
  • Child Trends Inc: 50% of income from government
  • Tulsa Educare Inc: 46% of income from government
  • United Way Miami Inc: 23% of income from government
no gov moneyreceives it· size = income
1get no government money at all
16report government grants on their 990 we could not trace to a source (not plotted)
2rely on government for over half their income
typical government reliance, FY20–25
How this is measured
Government income is each org’s traced federal awards (USASpending grants and contracts) plus state payments (open checkbooks) as a share of its total revenue (IRS Form 990); the self-reported government-grant line (990 line 1e) is carried for cross-check: a grantee that reports government grants we could not trace to a source is left off the chart rather than shown as receiving none. An association, not a claim that a grant caused the public funding. Coverage is precision-first, a floor rather than a census; state records exist for 9 states, so a grantee outside them shows no state figure (dimmed) rather than a false zero. Federal award amounts are obligations, which can span years, so a single-year share is indicative. 990 filings lag 12 to 24 months.

On method. Every financial figure here is read from IRS e-file XML, the funder’s own 990/990-PF, and from the multi-year returns of the 76 grantees we resolved, each linked to its source. Grantee outcomes are each organization’s own program-service reporting (Form 990, Part III), read as association with funding, never as caused by it. Low-confidence name matches are suppressed rather than guessed. How we build these →

How this is measured
Each figure carries one of six labels. Filed is what the funder reported on its return. Official is another government record about an organization, such as a federal award or a charity register, joined by name where no shared identifier exists. Resolved is an identity we worked out where the filing named a recipient without an EIN, kept only above a measured confidence threshold. Computed is arithmetic over those, like themes, portfolio clusters and co-funder strength. Context is a statistic about a place rather than about an organization, which is what the need overlay is: it describes the area a grantee’s address sits in, not where its work lands. Inferred is drawn by a model from text, like the partnerships read out of public news and organization websites. Each is labeled where it appears.

Generated from the IRS Form 990 e-file return for fiscal year 2025, released 2025. Filings run roughly 12 to 24 months behind; figures are dated accordingly.

Source object · view filing

Play a game based on Start Early’s filings →

More from the funding graph

The unnamed billions
grants reported with no recipient in the public record
The regranting layer
51% of grant dollars land in the regranting layer
The DAF merry-go-round
$9.7B circulates between donor-advised funds
The endowment market
who holds foundation money, and what just moved
The camps
funders cluster by geography, not ideology
By state
where grant money is based, and what stays home