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Kohnstamm Family Foundation at a glance

· Private foundation

Kohnstamm Family Foundation

Its FY2025 filing reports that it funds preselected organizations and did not take unsolicited requests; check the foundation's own site before ruling it out.

$172k
Granted FY2025still arriving
128
Grants FY2025still arriving
21
States reached
$25k
Largest
01What it fundsRead
02The needRead
03Its granteesRead
04Its fieldRead
01What it funds
0199% classified

What it funded, over time

Every grant placed by its stated purpose and the recipient’s mission, by year, FY2020 to 2024.

Religion$255kEducation$117kEnvironment$44kArts & Culture$30kInternational$19kHuman Services$19kHealth$15kPhilanthropy$12kOther$0
02FY2025 · 128 grants

Where the money goes

Grants by size, and the largest recipients.

By grant size · FY2025

  • Under $10k122 grants · $85k
  • $10k–50k6 grants · $87k
$250
Median grant
21
States reached
$1.4M
Total assets
Largest grants
RecipientAmount
UNION GOSPEL MISSION$25,000
OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION$17,000
OREGON PUBLIC BROADCASTING$15,240
AMERICAN IMMIGRATION COUNCIL$10,000
MORRRISON CHILD & FAMILY SERVICES$10,000
LITERARY ARTS VIA BARCLAY$10,000
KENYA KEYS$7,500
CLACKAMAS WOMEN'S SERVICES$7,500
TUALATIN FOOD PANTRY$7,500
STAND FOR CHILDREN LEADERSHIP CENTER INC$6,000
OAKS PARK ASSOCIATION$2,500
OPEN SCHOOL INC$2,500
BIG BROTHER BIG SISTER COLUMBIA NORTHWEST$2,500
OREGON HISTORICAL SOCIETY$2,500
ADELANTE MUJERES$2,500
02The need
03

Does the money reach high-need areas?

Each grant placed by the hardship in its grantee’s ZIP, against the area’s typical level.

show:

Its human-services grants (FY20–25, $29k) land where the poverty rate runs at 11%, against an area that typically sits at 10%. 62% of those dollars go to grantees based in above-average-need neighborhoods. Most of its grants land in higher-need ZIPs.

area typical 10%CHALLENGED ATHLETES FOUNDATION: $200 → 11%METROPOLITAN FAMILY SERVICE: $1k → 14%LEARNING ALLY: $250 → 11%CHILDRENS INSTITUTE: $3k → 14%CLACKAMAS WOMEN'S SERVICES: $8k → 8%METROPOLITAN FAMILY SERVICES: $500 → 14%LEARNING ALLY: $250 → 11%CHILDRENS INSTITUTE: $250 → 14%WOMEN'S REFUGEE COMMISSION: $250 → 17%LEARNING ALLY: $250 → 11%WOMEN'S REFUGEE COMMISSION: $250 → 17%LEARNING ALLY: $250 → 11%WOMEN'S REFUGEE COMMISSION: $250 → 17%LEARNING ALLY: $100 → 11%ASSISTANCE LEAGUE - GREATER PORTLAND: $1k → 8%ADELANTE MUJERES: $3k → 8%RAPHAEL HOUSE: $250 → 12%RAPHAEL HOUSE: $250 → 12%RAPHAEL HOUSE: $250 → 12%RAPHAEL HOUSE: $250 → 12%REPRODUCTIVE FREEDOM FOR ALL: $500 → 14%AMERICAN RED CROSS: $250 → 14%AMERICAN RED CROSS: $250 → 14%RAPHAEL HOUSE: $250 → 12%AMERICAN RED CROSS: $250 → 14%AMERICAN RED CROSS: $250 → 14%RAPHAEL HOUSE: $250 → 12%URBAN LEAGUE: $350 → 12%METROPOLITAN FAMILY SERVICE: $5k → 12%JANUS YOUTH PROGRAMS INC: $1k → 12%JANUS YOUTH PROGRAMS: $250 → 12%JANUS YOUTH PROGRAMS: $250 → 12%JANUS YOUTH PROGRAMS: $250 → 12%PROJECT LEMONADE: $250 → 12%JANUS YOUTH PROGRAMS: $250 → 12%JANUS YOUTH PROGRAMS: $250 → 12%LIFE EXPANDING ADVENTURE PROGRAM: $250 → 12%BRADLEY - ANGLE HOUSE: $250 → 12%0%20%40%50%more need →
grant to an above-average-need area below average· circle size = grant amount
How this is measured
Matched: human-services grants are those whose grantee’s IRS cause code is Human Services. Placed by people below the poverty line in the grantee’s ZIP, averaged from the tracts in that ZIP.

Which US states its grants reach

WA
MT
MN
IL
NY
MA
OR
IA
NJ
CT
CA
UT
CO
VA
MD
KS
AR
DC
OK
AL
GA
TX
FL
How this is measured
US grants placed by each grantee’s ZIP, which can differ from where services are delivered. Need from public data (U.S. Census/ACS, CDC PLACES, Eviction Lab, USDA), shown as context about the area, never attributed to the funder’s giving.
03Its grantees
repeat funding

Who it funds again

Organizations funded in more than one year, against those funded once.

85%of every dollar goes to organizations it has funded before.
$624k · 122 repeat orgs$113k to everyone else

Grantees it renews have grown median revenue +18% since the first grant, against +5% for those funded once.

122 repeat relationships: 87 still active in FY2025, 35 since wound down; 39 grantees were first funded in FY2025 (too recent to call).

How the two cohorts compare

Re-uppedFunded once

Organizations

122
78

Total granted

$624k
$38k

Median revenue growth · since first grant

+18%
+5%

Still filing today

75%
51%

New vs renewed · share of each year

In FY2025, 56% of grant dollars renewed an existing relationship; $75k went to new ones.

50%100%’20’21’22’23’24’25
RenewedFirst-time

Where new relationships form · theme of each grantee’s first grant

’20’21’22’23’24’25
EnvironmentHuman ServicesHealthInternationalArts & CultureAnimalsOther
How this is measured
First-time means a grantee’s first year in the filing window; renewed means funded in an earlier year too. The renewed share climbs naturally as a portfolio matures, so the signal is a year that bucks it (a wave of new grantees). The earliest year is left-censored: relationships that predate the data read as new. Theme is the grantee’s IRS cause.

Backed again, and grew

  • KK
    KENYA KEYS
    6× · 2020–2025 · $118k · revenue +21%
  • OREGON PUBLIC BROADCASTING
    2× · 2024–2025 · $19k · revenue +10%
  • MC
    MORRISON CHILD AND FAMILY SERVICES
    2× · 2024–2025 · $15k · revenue +17%

Funded once

  • MF
    Metropolitan Family Servicegraduated
    one grant, 2020 · $5k · revenue +53%
  • WP
    WILDERNESS PROGRAM
    one grant, 2024 · $4k
  • DR
    DESCHUTES RIVER CONSERVANCY
    one grant, 2024 · $4k · revenue -28%
How this is measured

Repeat means funded in two or more distinct years. Growth and survival are read from each grantee’s own subsequent IRS filings.

04Its field

Closest unfunded matches

The nonprofits that most resemble its grantees but are not funded by it, scored along the direction from the rest of the field toward the portfolio. A resemblance in what they say they do, not a recommendation.

1
World Resources Institute

Wri is committed to creating change that improves people's lives and ensures the natural world can thrive. (see schedule o)wri's bold vision requires a formula for success we call "count it. change it. scale it.": - count it: our work is…

International
2
Conservation International Foundation

Ci works to spotlight and secure the critical benefits that nature provides to humanity.

Environment
3
Ocean Conservancy

Ocean conservancy unites science, people, and policy to protect our ocean, today and for generations to come.

Environment
4
Akashinga Inc

Deliver ecological stability and long-term protection of large-scale wilderness by supporting and empowering local communities.

Animals
5
Amazon Conservation Team

The amazon conservation team (act) partners with indigenous and other local communities to protect tropical forests and strengthen traditional culture.

Science & Tech
6
Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Foundation

To engage and catalyze global seafood supply chains in rebuilding depleted fish stocks and reducing the environmental impacts of fishing and fish farming.

Animals
7
Rainforest Foundation Inc

The purpose of rainforest foundation us is to support indigenous peoples and forest communities in their efforts to secure their lands, protect their environment, and uphold their rights.

Environment
8
Washington Water Trust

Wwt's mission is to protect and restore water in rivers and streams across washington state. washington water trust restores and protects water in rivers and streams and promotes sustainable freshwater management in washington, and, more…

Environment
9
Rainforest Trust

Rainforest trust saves endangered wildlife and protects our planet by creating rainforest reserves through partnerships, community engagement, and donor support.

International
10
Northwest Environmental Defense Center

Nedc's mission is to work toward a future in which the pacific northwest leads the nation in developing, implementing & enforcing strong laws and regulations that protect the environment & human health, and where our governments &…

—
11
Western Resource Advocates

Western Resource Advocates (WRA) is a regional nonprofit advocacy organization fighting climate change and its impacts to sustain the environment, economy, and people of the West. As the region's go-to experts for more than three decades,…

Crime & Legal
12
Resource Renewal Institute

The resource renewal institute facilitates the creation, development and implementation of practical strategies to solve the entire complex environmental problem by addressing it comprehensively.

Environment
How this is measured
The grantee most central to the portfolio’s shape is Partnership to End Addiction; the most unlike its peers is Wild Steelhead Coalition. Resemblance is measured on each organization’s own IRS 990 mission text; it reflects how work is described, not its quality or impact.
04the grantee network

166 grantees tracked through their own filings, 2017–2026.

Each grant beside the grantee’s revenue from every source, year by year.

How this is measured

Counted here: distinct organizations funded across 2017 to 2026, not grant rows in a single year, so this will not match the grant count on the cover. 166 of the 242 grantees resolved in that span have returns of their own we could reconcile.

Each grantee is resolved to its own IRS returns. Association, dated; never a causal claim.

0
Load-bearing (≥25% of a budget)
21
Early backer (in before they grew)
164/166
Grantees still filing
98/166
Grew since first funded

Where the money sits, by cause and then by grantee

Individual grant recipient: $220,000 · OtherIndividual grant recipientUNION GOSPEL MISSION: $36,250 · OtherUNION GOSPEL MISSIONNEW THOUGHT CENTER FOR SPIRITUAL LIVING: $22,400 · OtherIndividual grant recipient: $16,308 · Other+107 more: $165,117 · Other+107 moreKENYA KEYS: $118,050 · EducationKENYA KEYSOREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION: $17,000 · EducationOREGON HEALTH & SCIEN…+4 more: $6,350 · EducationOREGON PUBLIC BROADCASTING: $18,740 · Arts & CultureOREGON HISTORICAL SOCIETY: $3,000 · Arts & CultureFRIENDS OF TIMBERLINE: $2,250 · Arts & CulturePORTLAND ART MUSEUM: $1,750 · Arts & CultureTHE LIBRARY FOUNDATION: $1,600 · Arts & CultureMUSEUM AT WARM SPRINGS: $1,500 · Arts & CulturePlayWrite Inc: $1,250 · Arts & Culture+8 more: $6,000 · Arts & CultureCLACKAMAS WOMEN'S SERVICES: $7,500 · Human ServicesMetropolitan Family Service: $5,000 · Human ServicesCHILDREN'S INSTITUTE INC: $2,750 · Human ServicesADELANTE MUJERES: $2,500 · Human ServicesJANUS YOUTH PROGRAMS INC: $2,250 · Human ServicesRAPHAEL HOUSE OF PORTLAND: $1,500 · Human ServicesMetropolitan Family Services: $1,500 · Human ServicesLearning Ally Inc: $1,100 · Human ServicesAmerican National Red Cross & Its Constituent Chapters and Branches: $1,000 · Human ServicesASSISTANCE LEAGUE OF GREATER PORTLAND: $1,000 · Human Services+6 more: $2,350 · Human ServicesDESCHUTES RIVER CONSERVANCY: $3,500 · EnvironmentOregon Natural Resources Council Fund Oregon Wild: $3,000 · EnvironmentSOLVE: $2,000 · EnvironmentBIRD ALLIANCE OF OREGON INC: $1,750 · EnvironmentWILD RIVERS LAND TRUST: $1,500 · EnvironmentTHE WILDERNESS SOCIETY: $1,500 · EnvironmentENVIRONMENTAL DEFENSE FUND INCORPORATED: $1,250 · EnvironmentCOLUMBIA LAND TRUST: $1,250 · EnvironmentWORLD WILDLIFE FUND INC: $1,250 · EnvironmentFriends of Trees: $1,100 · EnvironmentNATURAL RESOURCES DEFENSE COUNCIL INC: $1,000 · EnvironmentTHE FOREST PARK CONSERVANCY: $1,000 · EnvironmentWESTERN RIVERS CONSERVANCY: $1,000 · Environment+7 more: $2,750 · EnvironmentMORRISON CHILD AND FAMILY SERVICES: $15,000 · HealthAmerican Heart Association Inc: $1,200 · HealthAMERICAN LUNG ASSOCIATION: $1,000 · HealthHELPING HANDS REENTRY OUTREACH CENTERS: $1,000 · HealthPARTNERS IN HEALTH A NONPROFIT CORPORATION: $1,000 · Health+11 more: $4,000 · HealthKIVA MICROFUNDS: $3,500 · InternationalMercy Corps: $3,000 · InternationalUnited States Association for UNHCR: $2,250 · InternationalInternational Rescue Committee INC: $2,250 · InternationalMEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES USA INC: $2,100 · InternationalAMNESTY INTERNATIONAL OF THE USA INC: $1,350 · InternationalSave The Children Federation Inc: $1,006 · InternationalWORLD VISION INC: $1,000 · InternationalINTERNATIONAL PLANNED PARENTHOOD FEDERATION WESTERN HEMISPHERE REGION: $1,000 · InternationalFEED THE CHILDREN INC: $1,000 · InternationalWOMEN FOR WOMEN INTERNATIONAL: $750 · International+5 more: $1,762 · International
Other$460,075Education$141,400Arts & Culture$36,090Human Services$28,450Environment$23,850Health$23,200International$20,968

Showing the 200 largest grantees by grant value.

Each grantee by its size and the funder’s share of it; top left is load-bearing

25%50%75%100%$1.0M$10M$100Mgrantee revenue →↑ funder's share of their budgetKENYA KEYS: $118,050 over 6y, 12% of budgetOREGON PUBLIC BROADCASTING: $18,740 over 2y, 0.0% of budgetOREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION: $17,000 over 1y, 0.0% of budgetMORRISON CHILD AND FAMILY SERVICES: $15,000 over 2y, 0.0% of budgetNative Fish Society Inc: $10,500 over 3y, 1.0% of budgetCLACKAMAS WOMEN'S SERVICES: $7,500 over 1y, 0.1% of budgetSTAND FOR CHILDREN LEADERSHIP CENTER INC: $6,000 over 1y, 0.0% of budgetLITERARY ARTS INC: $5,750 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetMetropolitan Family Service: $5,000 over 1y, 0.1% of budgetFriends of the Columbia Gorge: $3,750 over 5y, 0.1% of budgetDESCHUTES RIVER CONSERVANCY: $3,500 over 1y, 0.1% of budgetKIVA MICROFUNDS: $3,500 over 1y, 0.0% of budgetPANDRILLUS FOUNDATION: $3,500 over 1y, 1.2% of budgetOREGON HISTORICAL SOCIETY: $3,000 over 3y, 0.0% of budgetOregon Natural Resources Council Fund Oregon Wild: $3,000 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetMercy Corps: $3,000 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetCHILDREN'S INSTITUTE INC: $2,750 over 2y, 0.0% of budgetOPEN SCHOOL INC: $2,750 over 2y, 0.1% of budgetSOUTHERN POVERTY LAW CENTER INC: $2,750 over 5y, 0.0% of budgetMEALS ON WHEELS PEOPLE INC: $2,600 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetTHE OAKS PARK ASSOCIATION: $2,500 over 1y, 0.0% of budgetBIG BROTHERS BIG SISTERS COLUMBIA NORTHW: $2,500 over 1y, 0.1% of budgetADELANTE MUJERES: $2,500 over 1y, 0.0% of budgetUnited States Association for UNHCR: $2,250 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetJANUS YOUTH PROGRAMS INC: $2,250 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetFRIENDS OF TIMBERLINE: $2,250 over 3y, 0.5% of budgetInternational Rescue Committee INC: $2,250 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetMEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES USA INC: $2,100 over 5y, 0.0% of budgetSOLVE: $2,000 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetCASA FOR CHILDREN INC: $1,800 over 4y, 0.1% of budgetPORTLAND ART MUSEUM: $1,750 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetWILD SALMON CENTER: $1,750 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetOREGON FOOD BANK: $1,750 over 5y, 0.0% of budgetBIRD ALLIANCE OF OREGON INC: $1,750 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetTHE LIBRARY FOUNDATION: $1,600 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetAMERICAN INDIAN COLLEGE FUND: $1,600 over 5y, 0.0% of budgetNATIONAL WILDLIFE FEDERATION: $1,500 over 5y, 0.0% of budgetMUSEUM AT WARM SPRINGS: $1,500 over 5y, 0.1% of budgetFriends of Tryon Creek: $1,500 over 5y, 0.1% of budgetWILD RIVERS LAND TRUST: $1,500 over 6y, 0.1% of budgetRAPHAEL HOUSE OF PORTLAND: $1,500 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetTHE WILDERNESS SOCIETY: $1,500 over 5y, 0.0% of budgetSMILE TRAIN INC: $1,500 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetSMART READING: $1,500 over 5y, 0.0% of budgetMetropolitan Family Services: $1,500 over 2y, 0.0% of budgetTHE OREGON ZOO FOUNDATION: $1,500 over 5y, 0.0% of budgetAMNESTY INTERNATIONAL OF THE USA INC: $1,350 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetPlayWrite Inc: $1,250 over 5y, 0.2% of budget
Grantee by grantee: a decade per organization, before and after funding

A decade per grantee: revenue shaded, grants as bars, all rows on one timeline.

Co-funders

Grantmakers whose grantees overlap with this funder’s far more than size alone predicts. Closer means stronger alignment; arcs show where they also fund each other. Here they form a tightly interlocked group: most of these funders back each other's grantees too.

The Oregon Community …Meyer Memorial TrustRose E Tucker Charita…The Jackson FoundationThe Collins FoundationMaybelle Clark Macdon…The Autzen FoundationJuan Young TrustMarie Lamfrom Charita…The Harold & Arlene S…OCF Joseph E Weston P…The Reser Family Foun…
The Oregon Community FoundationOR73.6× affinity51 shared granteesties to 11 of 11Hover any node to trace its alignments.Compare side by side →

Open a dossier: The Oregon Community Foundation · Meyer Memorial Trust · Rose E Tucker Charitable Trust · The Jackson Foundation · The Collins Foundation · Maybelle Clark Macdonald Fund · The Autzen Foundation · Juan Young Trust · Marie Lamfrom Charitable Foundation Trust · The Harold & Arlene Schnitzer Care Foundation · OCF Joseph E Weston Public Foundation · The Reser Family Foundation

How this is measured
Affinity is a Gamma-Poisson posterior co-funding rate, re-centered on the typical rate, so thin evidence shrinks toward no signal. Overlap is association, not proof of shared intent.

How much its grantees rely on government

Each dot is one organization Kohnstamm Family Foundation funds: left to right is the share of its income from government, bottom to top the share from Kohnstamm Family Foundation. Bigger dots raise more.

2024
’20’21’22’23’24’25
no gov · 170%1%4%8%15%funder's share of their income ↑0%25%50%75%100%share of the org’s income from government →median 10%
  • Deschutes River Conservancy: 100% of income from government
  • Friends of Trees: 100% of income from government
  • Morrison Child and Family Services: 91% of income from government
  • Wild Salmon Center: 49% of income from government
  • Mercy Corps: 47% of income from government
  • Deschutes Land Trust: 46% of income from government
  • Janus Youth Programs Inc: 46% of income from government
  • Mental Health Association of Oregon: 41% of income from government
  • Outside in: 33% of income from government
  • Urban League of Portland Inc: 33% of income from government
  • Save the Children Federation Inc: 30% of income from government
  • Transition Projects Inc: 29% of income from government
  • Metropolitan Family Service: 29% of income from government
  • Elevate Oregon: 28% of income from government
  • Native Fish Society Inc: 27% of income from government
  • Oregon Food Bank: 21% of income from government
  • New Avenues for Youth Inc: 20% of income from government
  • Helping Hands Reentry Outreach Centers: 18% of income from government
  • Project Lemonade Inc: 15% of income from government
  • High Desert Museum: 11% of income from government
  • Oregon Historical Society: 10% of income from government
  • Raphael House of Portland: 10% of income from government
  • Bradley Angle: 10% of income from government
  • Literary Arts Inc: 10% of income from government
  • Impact Nw: 8% of income from government
  • The Shriners' Hospital for Children: 6% of income from government
  • Open School Inc: 5% of income from government
  • Together We Are Greater Than: 5% of income from government
  • Solve: 5% of income from government
  • Oregon Museum of Science and Industry: 4% of income from government
  • Best Buddies International Inc: 4% of income from government
  • Learning Ally Inc: 4% of income from government
  • PlayWrite Inc: 3% of income from government
  • Smart Reading: 3% of income from government
  • Portland Symphonic Choir: 2% of income from government
  • Casa for Children Inc: 2% of income from government
  • Oregon Natural Resources Council Fund Oregon Wild: 2% of income from government
  • The Dougy Center Inc: 1% of income from government
  • Feed the Children Inc: 1% of income from government
  • Portland Art Museum: 1% of income from government
  • Portland Center Stage: 1% of income from government
  • Youth Music Project: 1% of income from government
  • Oregon Public Broadcasting: 1% of income from government
  • Bird Alliance of Oregon Inc: 0% of income from government
  • Western Rivers Conservancy: 0% of income from government
  • Oregon Shakespeare Festival Association Inc: 0% of income from government
  • Childrens Center: 0% of income from government
  • Partners in Health a Nonprofit Corporation: 0% of income from government
no gov moneyreceives it· size = income
17get no government money at all
23report government grants on their 990 we could not trace to a source (not plotted)
3rely on government for over half their income
typical government reliance, FY20–25
How this is measured
Government income is each org’s traced federal awards (USASpending grants and contracts) plus state payments (open checkbooks) as a share of its total revenue (IRS Form 990); the self-reported government-grant line (990 line 1e) is carried for cross-check: a grantee that reports government grants we could not trace to a source is left off the chart rather than shown as receiving none. An association, not a claim that a grant caused the public funding. Coverage is precision-first, a floor rather than a census; state records exist for 9 states, so a grantee outside them shows no state figure (dimmed) rather than a false zero. Federal award amounts are obligations, which can span years, so a single-year share is indicative. 990 filings lag 12 to 24 months.

On method. Every financial figure here is read from IRS e-file XML, the funder’s own 990/990-PF, and from the multi-year returns of the 242 grantees we resolved, each linked to its source. Grantee outcomes are each organization’s own program-service reporting (Form 990, Part III), read as association with funding, never as caused by it. Low-confidence name matches are suppressed rather than guessed. How we build these →

How this is measured
Each figure carries one of six labels. Filed is what the funder reported on its return. Official is another government record about an organization, such as a federal award or a charity register, joined by name where no shared identifier exists. Resolved is an identity we worked out where the filing named a recipient without an EIN, kept only above a measured confidence threshold. Computed is arithmetic over those, like themes, portfolio clusters and co-funder strength. Context is a statistic about a place rather than about an organization, which is what the need overlay is: it describes the area a grantee’s address sits in, not where its work lands. Inferred is drawn by a model from text, like the partnerships read out of public news and organization websites. Each is labeled where it appears.

Generated from the IRS Form 990-PF e-file return for fiscal year 2025, released 2025. Filings run roughly 12 to 24 months behind; figures are dated accordingly.

Source object · view filing

Play a game based on Kohnstamm Family’s filings →

More from the funding graph

The unnamed billions
grants reported with no recipient in the public record
The regranting layer
51% of grant dollars land in the regranting layer
The DAF merry-go-round
$9.7B circulates between donor-advised funds
The endowment market
who holds foundation money, and what just moved
The camps
funders cluster by geography, not ideology
By state
where grant money is based, and what stays home