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· Private foundation

The Carl Marks Foundation Inc

Its FY2025 filing reports that it funds preselected organizations and did not take unsolicited requests; check the foundation's own site before ruling it out.

$680k
Granted FY2025still arriving
31
Grants FY2025still arriving
12
States reached
$122k
Largest
01What it funds
01100% classified

What it funded, over time

Every grant placed by its stated purpose and the recipient’s mission, by year, FY2017 to 2025.

Education$3.1MHealth$2.0MReligion$1.9MInternational$1.8MRecreation & Sports$851kPhilanthropy$823kYouth Development$734kHuman Services$669kOther$0
02FY2025 · 31 grants

Where the money goes

Grants by size, and the largest recipients.

By grant size · FY2025

  • Under $10k17 grants · $84k
  • $10k–50k8 grants · $142k
  • $50k–250k6 grants · $455k
$9,000
Median grant
12
States reached
$19M
Total assets
Largest grants
RecipientAmount
CHILDRENS MEMORIAL HOSPITAL$122,130
SEVA FOUNDATION$94,600
INTERNATIONAL RESCUE COMMITTEE INC$75,000
YALE UNIVERSITY$63,000
NMDP FOUNDATION$50,000
SAVE THE CHILDREN FEDERATION INC$50,000
YALE UNIVERSITY$45,000
AMERICARES FOUNDATION INC$25,000
PARTNERS IN HEALTH A NONPROFIT CORPORATION$15,000
THE MULTIPLE MYELOMA RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC$12,500
NATIONAL TAY SACHS & ALLIED DISEASES ASSOCIATION I$12,500
FRIENDS OF CONSERVATION - FRIENDS$12,000
PROVIDENCE ASSEMBLY OF GOD$10,000
ILLINOIS HOLOCAUST MUSEUM & EDUCATION CENTER$10,000
NORTHWELL HEALTH FOUNDATION$9,500
02The need
03

Does the money reach high-need areas?

Each grant placed by the hardship in its grantee’s ZIP, against the area’s typical level.

show:

Its human-services grants (FY17–25, $321k) land where the poverty rate runs at 11%, against an area that typically sits at 9%. 50% of those dollars go to grantees based in above-average-need neighborhoods. Its grants spread fairly evenly across need levels.

area typical 9%SOUTH EAST CONSORTIUM FOR SPECIAL SERVICES INC: $20k → 9%HIVE COMMUNITY CIRCLE: $2k → 16%LEARNING ALLY: $9k → 11%WARRIOR EXPEDITIONS: $10k → 8%TIDES CENTER: $20k → 10%SOUTH EAST CONSORTIUM FOR SPECIAL SERVICES INC: $20k → 9%LEARNING ALLY: $8k → 11%WARRIOR EXPEDITIONS: $7k → 8%TIDES CENTER: $15k → 10%SOUTH EAST CONSORTIUM FOR SPECIAL SERVICES INC: $20k → 9%LEARNING ALLY: $7k → 11%WARRIOR EXPEDITIONS: $6k → 8%MARIA DROSTE COUNSELING SERVICES INC: $2k → 7%SOUTH EAST CONSORTIUM FOR SPECIAL SERVICES INC: $20k → 9%JEWISH CHILD CARE ASSOCIATION OF NEW YORK: $5k → 20%LEARNING ALLY: $7k → 11%WARRIOR EXPEDITIONS: $5k → 8%MARIA DROSTE COUNSELING SERVICES INC: $2k → 7%SOUTH EAST CONSORTIUM FOR SPECIAL SERVICES INC: $10k → 9%LEARNING ALLY: $7k → 11%WARRIOR EXPEDITIONS: $5k → 8%MORSELIFE FOUNDATION INC: $2k → 11%LEARNING ALLY: $7k → 11%WARRIOR EXPEDITIONS: $5k → 8%LEARNING ALLY: $6k → 11%ROOM TO GROW NATIONAL INC: $10k → 16%ROOM TO GROW NATIONAL INC: $10k → 16%ROOM TO GROW NATIONAL INC: $3k → 16%CONNECTICUT HOSPICE INC: $10k → 12%THE CONNECTICUT HOSPICE INC: $10k → 12%THE CONNECTICUT HOSPICE INC: $5k → 12%PROSPECTS OPPORTUNITY AND ENRICHMENT INC: $2k → 9%PROSPECTS OPPORTUNITY AND ENRICHMENT INC: $2k → 9%PROSPECTS OPPORTUNITY AND ENRICHMENT INC: $2k → 9%PROSPECTS OPPORTUNITY AND ENRICHMENT INC: $2k → 9%PROSPECTS OPPORTUNITY AND ENRICHMENT INC: $2k → 9%PROSPECTS OPPORTUNITY AND ENRICHMENT INC: $2k → 9%STAR FOUNDATION INC: $3k → 9%STAR FOUNDATION INC: $3k → 9%STAR FOUNDATION INC: $3k → 9%ALS ANGELS INC: $2k → 9%ALS ANGELS INC: $2k → 9%ENCOURAGE KIDS FOUNDATION: $3k → 17%ENCOURAGE KIDS FOUNDATION: $3k → 17%ENCOURAGE KIDS FOUNDATION: $3k → 17%ENCOURAGE KIDS FOUNDATION: $3k → 17%ENCOURAGE KIDS FOUNDATION: $3k → 17%ENCOURAGE KIDS FOUNDATION: $2k → 17%0%20%40%50%more need →
grant to an above-average-need area below average· circle size = grant amount
How this is measured
Matched: human-services grants are those whose grantee’s IRS cause code is Human Services. Placed by people below the poverty line in the grantee’s ZIP, averaged from the tracts in that ZIP.

Which US states its grants reach

ME
WA
MN
IL
MI
NY
MA
IA
IN
OH
PA
NJ
CT
RI
CA
CO
VA
MD
TN
NC
SC
DC
LA
GA
TX
FL
How this is measured
US grants placed by each grantee’s ZIP, which can differ from where services are delivered. Need from public data (U.S. Census/ACS, CDC PLACES, Eviction Lab, USDA), shown as context about the area, never attributed to the funder’s giving.
03Its grantees
repeat funding

Who it funds again

Organizations funded in more than one year, against those funded once.

95%of every dollar goes to organizations it has funded before.
$12M · 130 repeat orgs$584k to everyone else

Grantees it renews have grown median revenue +39% since the first grant, against +31% for those funded once.

130 repeat relationships: 27 still active in FY2025, 103 since wound down; 3 grantees were first funded in FY2025 (too recent to call).

How the two cohorts compare

Re-uppedFunded once

Organizations

130
117

Total granted

$12M
$552k

Median revenue growth · since first grant

+39%
+31%

Still filing today

88%
75%

New vs renewed · share of each year

In FY2025, 95% of grant dollars renewed an existing relationship; $32k went to new ones.

50%100%’17’18’19’20’21’22’23’24’25
RenewedFirst-time

Where new relationships form · theme of each grantee’s first grant

’17’18’19’20’21’22’23’24’25
HealthEducationHuman ServicesInternationalArts & CulturePhilanthropyOther
How this is measured
First-time means a grantee’s first year in the filing window; renewed means funded in an earlier year too. The renewed share climbs naturally as a portfolio matures, so the signal is a year that bucks it (a wave of new grantees). The earliest year is left-censored: relationships that predate the data read as new. Theme is the grantee’s IRS cause.

Backed again, and grew

  • NH
    NORTHWELL HEALTH FOUNDATION
    7× · 2017–2025 · $880k · revenue +17%
  • AF
    ACHIEVEMENT FIRST INC
    4× · 2017–2020 · $797k · revenue +20%
  • Cornell University
    4× · 2017–2021 · $681k · revenue +59%

Funded once

  • Solidaire Network Inc
    one grant, 2021 · $60k · revenue -24%
  • CC
    CONNECTICUT COALITION FOR ACHIEVEMENT NOW INC
    one grant, 2019 · $50k
  • PM
    PROJECT MORRY PROPERTIES INC
    one grant, 2024 · $50k
How this is measured

Repeat means funded in two or more distinct years. Growth and survival are read from each grantee’s own subsequent IRS filings.

04Its field

Closest unfunded matches

The nonprofits that most resemble its grantees but are not funded by it, scored along the direction from the rest of the field toward the portfolio. A resemblance in what they say they do, not a recommendation.

1
University of New Haven

The University of New Haven is a student-centered comprehensive university with an emphasis on excellence in liberal arts and professional education. Our mission is to prepare our students to lead purposeful and fulfilling lives in a…

Education
2
Neurology Associates of Stony Brook University Faculty Practice Corp

Provide clinical instruction to and supervision of medical school students, interns and residents and, incident thereto, rendering professional services.

Health
3
Stony Brook Internists University Faculty Practice Corporation

Provide clinical instruction to and supervision of medical school students, interns and residents and, incident thereto, rendering professional services.

Health
4
Manhattanville University

To educate students to be ethical and socially responsible leaders in a global community.

Education
5
Stony Brook Urology University Faculty Practice Corporation

Provide clinical instruction to and supervision of medical school students, interns and residents and, incident thereto, rendering professional services.

Health
6
Metropolitan Jewish Health System Inc

Mjhs health system is a charitable not-for-profit established to support the activities of affiliated organizations. mjhs is built on the core values of compassion, dignity and respect, first established by the four brooklyn ladies in…

Health
7
Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Committed to exceptional healthcare quality for all and actively engaged with our community, einstein drives scientific discovery and educates compassionate leaders in health and science.

Education
8
Massachusetts Institute of Technology

The mission of mit is to advance knowledge and educate students in science, technology, and other areas of scholarship that will best serve the nation and the world in the 21st century.

Education
9
Stony Brook Ophthalmology University Faculty Practice Corporation

Provide clinical instruction to and supervision of medical school students, interns and residents and, incident thereto, rendering professional services.

Health
10
Stony Brook Surgical Associates University Faculty Practice Corporation

Provide clinical instruction to and supervision of medical school students, interns and residents and, incident thereto, rendering professional services.

Health
11
University Associates in Obstetrics and Gynecology University Faculty Pract ice Corporation

Provide clinical instruction to and supervision of medical school students, interns and residents and, incident thereto, rendering professional services.

Health
12
The Trustees of Princeton University

Research, education and general - princeton university is a private not-for-profit, non-sectarian institution of higher learning with approximately 5,700 undergraduate and 3,300 graduate students. 2,500 students graduated in the 2024-2025…

Education
How this is measured
The grantee most central to the portfolio’s shape is March of Dimes Inc; the most unlike its peers is Indigenous Environmental Network. Resemblance is measured on each organization’s own IRS 990 mission text; it reflects how work is described, not its quality or impact.
04the grantee network

219 grantees tracked through their own filings, 2017–2026.

Each grant beside the grantee’s revenue from every source, year by year.

How this is measured

Counted here: distinct organizations funded across 2017 to 2026, not grant rows in a single year, so this will not match the grant count on the cover. 219 of the 261 grantees resolved in that span have returns of their own we could reconcile.

Each grantee is resolved to its own IRS returns. Association, dated; never a causal claim.

3
Load-bearing (≥25% of a budget)
57
Early backer (in before they grew)
215/219
Grantees still filing
153/219
Grew since first funded

Where the money sits, by cause and then by grantee

FJC: $1,550,000 · OtherFJCTHE CONSERVATIVE SYNAGOGUE INC: $305,438 · OtherTHE CONSERVATIVE SYNAGOGUE INCCHERRY CREEK SCHOOLS FOUNDATION: $260,000 · OtherCHERRY CREEK SCHOOLS FOUNDATIONCHILDRENS MEMORIAL HOSPITAL: $219,160 · OtherAppalachian Mountain Club: $310,000 · OtherAppalachian Mountain ClubCYPRESS HILLS LOCAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION: $195,000 · OtherFRIENDS OF THE CHILDREN- NEW YORK: $195,000 · Other+96 more: $1,419,688 · Other+96 moreACHIEVEMENT FIRST INC: $797,000 · EducationACHIEVEMENT FIRST INCCornell University: $680,729 · EducationCornell UniversityHOFSTRA UNIVERSITY: $400,000 · EducationHOFSTRA UNIVERSITYROCKING THE BOAT INC: $195,000 · EducationROCKING THE BOAT INCTRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA: $132,826 · Education50CAN INC: $125,000 · Education+28 more: $481,398 · Education+28 moreNORTHWELL HEALTH FOUNDATION: $879,565 · HealthNORTHWELL HEALTH…Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago: $324,580 · HealthAnn & Robert H L…JEWISH HOME LIFECARE MANHATTAN: $195,000 · HealthJEWISH HOME LIFE…JEWISH HOME FOR THE ELDERLY OF FAIRFIELD COUNTY INC: $97,500 · HealthPARTNERS IN HEALTH A NONPROFIT CORPORATION: $92,500 · HealthTHE MULTIPLE MYELOMA RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC: $68,000 · Health+18 more: $215,400 · Health+18 moreSEVA FOUNDATION: $446,780 · InternationalSEVA FOUNDATI…IMPACTISRAEL INC: $263,300 · InternationalIMPACTISRAEL …International Rescue Committee INC: $200,000 · InternationalInternational…AMERICARES FOUNDATION INC: $150,000 · InternationalAMERICARES FO…AMERICAN FRIENDS OF SHALVA ISRAEL INC: $128,500 · InternationalAMERICAN FRIE…THE POPULATION COUNCIL INC: $75,000 · InternationalHELEN KELLER INTERNATIONAL: $65,000 · InternationalMYRIAD USA INC: $60,500 · InternationalSave The Children Federation Inc: $60,000 · International+8 more: $88,300 · International+8 moreMORRY'S CAMP INC: $325,000 · Recreation & SportsMORRY'S C…EDITH & CARL MARKS JEWISH COMMUNITY HOUSE BENSONHURST INC: $216,167 · Recreation & SportsEDITH & C…STREETSQUASH INC: $195,000 · Recreation & SportsSTREETSQU…FIGURE SKATING IN HARLEM INC: $165,000 · Recreation & SportsFIGURE SK…ROW NEW YORK INC: $165,000 · Recreation & SportsROW NEW Y…+1 more: $1,800 · Recreation & SportsUNITED JEWISH APPEAL-FEDERATION OF JEWISH PHILANTHROPIES OF NEW YORK INC: $514,300 · PhilanthropyNMDP FOUNDATION: $148,000 · PhilanthropySolidaire Network Inc: $60,000 · PhilanthropyARBOR BROTHERS INC DBA ARBOR RISING: $50,000 · PhilanthropyStudents Matter: $33,000 · Philanthropy+6 more: $70,000 · PhilanthropyFIVER CHILDREN'S FOUNDATION INC: $195,000 · Youth DevelopmentNEW HEIGHTS YOUTH INC: $165,000 · Youth DevelopmentPROJECT MORRY PROPERTIES INC: $50,000 · Youth DevelopmentLIGHT MY WAY CAREER DAY INC: $20,000 · Youth Development+1 more: $2,000 · Youth Development
Other$4,454,286Education$2,811,953Health$1,872,545International$1,537,380Recreation & Sports$1,067,967Philanthropy$875,300Youth Development$432,000

Showing the 200 largest grantees by grant value.

Each grantee by its size and the funder’s share of it; top left is load-bearing

25%50%75%100%$100k$1.0M$10M$100Mgrantee revenue →↑ funder's share of their budgetNORTHWELL HEALTH FOUNDATION: $879,565 over 7y, 0.3% of budgetACHIEVEMENT FIRST INC: $797,000 over 4y, 0.7% of budgetCornell University: $680,729 over 4y, 0.0% of budgetUNITED JEWISH APPEAL-FEDERATION OF JEWISH PHILANTHROPIES OF NEW YORK INC: $514,300 over 5y, 0.1% of budgetSEVA FOUNDATION: $446,780 over 5y, 1.5% of budgetHOFSTRA UNIVERSITY: $400,000 over 4y, 0.0% of budgetMORRY'S CAMP INC: $325,000 over 5y, 3.4% of budgetAnn & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago: $324,580 over 4y, 0.0% of budgetAppalachian Mountain Club: $310,000 over 5y, 0.3% of budgetIMPACTISRAEL INC: $263,300 over 7y, 1.0% of budgetCHERRY CREEK SCHOOLS FOUNDATION: $260,000 over 5y, 7.9% of budgetEDITH & CARL MARKS JEWISH COMMUNITY HOUSE BENSONHURST INC: $216,167 over 6y, 0.8% of budgetInternational Rescue Committee INC: $200,000 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetCYPRESS HILLS LOCAL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION: $195,000 over 5y, 0.3% of budgetFRIENDS OF THE CHILDREN- NEW YORK: $195,000 over 5y, 2.8% of budgetFIVER CHILDREN'S FOUNDATION INC: $195,000 over 5y, 2.6% of budgetJEWISH HOME LIFECARE MANHATTAN: $195,000 over 5y, 0.1% of budgetSTREETSQUASH INC: $195,000 over 5y, 1.3% of budgetROCKING THE BOAT INC: $195,000 over 5y, 1.5% of budgetFIGURE SKATING IN HARLEM INC: $165,000 over 5y, 1.6% of budgetNEW HEIGHTS YOUTH INC: $165,000 over 5y, 2.4% of budgetROW NEW YORK INC: $165,000 over 5y, 0.7% of budgetAMERICARES FOUNDATION INC: $150,000 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetNMDP FOUNDATION: $148,000 over 7y, 0.2% of budgetTRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA: $132,826 over 4y, 0.0% of budgetAMERICAN FRIENDS OF SHALVA ISRAEL INC: $128,500 over 5y, 0.6% of budget50CAN INC: $125,000 over 2y, 0.7% of budgetJEWISH HOME FOR THE ELDERLY OF FAIRFIELD COUNTY INC: $97,500 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetPARTNERS IN HEALTH A NONPROFIT CORPORATION: $92,500 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetSOUTH EAST CONSORTIUM: $90,000 over 5y, 3.3% of budgetTHE POPULATION COUNCIL INC: $75,000 over 3y, 0.0% of budgetTHE MULTIPLE MYELOMA RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC: $68,000 over 7y, 0.1% of budgetFEDERATION FOR JEWISH PHILANTHROPY OF UPPER FAIRFIELD COUNTY: $65,720 over 5y, 1.7% of budgetHELEN KELLER INTERNATIONAL: $65,000 over 3y, 0.0% of budgetMYRIAD USA INC: $60,500 over 1y, 0.0% of budgetSave The Children Federation Inc: $60,000 over 3y, 0.0% of budgetSolidaire Network Inc: $60,000 over 1y, 0.2% of budgetNURSE-FAMILY PARTNERSHIP: $59,000 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetPROTEUS FUND INC: $56,000 over 5y, 0.1% of budgetSOCIAL GOOD FUND INC: $55,000 over 2y, 0.0% of budgetGO PHILANTHROPIC CHARITABLE FUND: $52,928 over 6y, 2.7% of budgetICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI: $51,000 over 5y, 0.0% of budgetMEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES USA INC: $50,000 over 2y, 0.0% of budgetARBOR BROTHERS INC DBA ARBOR RISING: $50,000 over 5y, 0.4% of budgetLearning Ally Inc: $49,500 over 7y, 0.0% of budgetFriends of Lane: $46,000 over 4y, 5.1% of budgetOPERATION FUEL INCORPORATED: $43,500 over 6y, 0.3% of budgetFUTURES WITHOUT VIOLENCE: $43,500 over 6y, 0.1% of budget
Grantee by grantee: a decade per organization, before and after funding

A decade per grantee: revenue shaded, grants as bars, all rows on one timeline.

Co-funders

Grantmakers whose grantees overlap with this funder’s far more than size alone predicts. Closer means stronger alignment; arcs show where they also fund each other. Here they form a tightly interlocked group: most of these funders back each other's grantees too.

FjcNY58.1× affinity34 shared granteesties to 11 of 11Hover any node to trace its alignments.Compare side by side →

Open a dossier: Fjc · Fairfield County's Community Foundation Inc · Robin Hood Foundation · Jewish Communal Fund · Proteus Fund Inc · The Hyde and Watson Foundation · The Stewart & Constance Greenfield Foundation · William Caspar Graustein Memorial Fund · Viking Global Foundation Inc · The Goldman Sachs Charitable Gift Fund · Jewish Community Foundation of Greater Metrowest NJ · Newman's Own Foundation

How this is measured
Affinity is a Gamma-Poisson posterior co-funding rate, re-centered on the typical rate, so thin evidence shrinks toward no signal. Overlap is association, not proof of shared intent.

How much its grantees rely on government

Each dot is one organization The Carl Marks Foundation Inc funds: left to right is the share of its income from government, bottom to top the share from The Carl Marks Foundation Inc. Bigger dots raise more.

2024
’20’21’22’23’24’25
no gov · 300%6%25%56%100%funder's share of their income ↑0%25%50%75%100%share of the org’s income from government →median 2%
  • Clasp Homes Inc: 91% of income from government
  • Operation Fuel Incorporated: 51% of income from government
  • Save the Children Federation Inc: 30% of income from government
  • Homes With Hope: 28% of income from government
  • Brandeis University: 9% of income from government
  • Connecticut Foodshare Inc: 5% of income from government
  • Learning Ally Inc: 4% of income from government
  • Shatterproof a Nonprofit Corporation: 2% of income from government
  • Jewish Family Service of Stamford Inc: 2% of income from government
  • Resist Inc: 2% of income from government
  • Appalachian Mountain Club: 1% of income from government
  • Act of Connecticut: 1% of income from government
  • Fairfield University: 1% of income from government
  • Jewish Home for the Elderly of Fairfield County Inc: 0% of income from government
  • Wilton Library Association Inc: 0% of income from government
  • Americares Foundation Inc: 0% of income from government
  • Hope for Haiti Inc: 0% of income from government
  • Partners in Health a Nonprofit Corporation: 0% of income from government
  • Achievement First Inc: 0% of income from government
no gov moneyreceives it· size = income
30get no government money at all
43report government grants on their 990 we could not trace to a source (not plotted)
2rely on government for over half their income
typical government reliance, FY20–25
How this is measured
Government income is each org’s traced federal awards (USASpending grants and contracts) plus state payments (open checkbooks) as a share of its total revenue (IRS Form 990); the self-reported government-grant line (990 line 1e) is carried for cross-check: a grantee that reports government grants we could not trace to a source is left off the chart rather than shown as receiving none. An association, not a claim that a grant caused the public funding. Coverage is precision-first, a floor rather than a census; state records exist for 9 states, so a grantee outside them shows no state figure (dimmed) rather than a false zero. Federal award amounts are obligations, which can span years, so a single-year share is indicative. 990 filings lag 12 to 24 months.
05Through Plinth

Warm introductions · Powered by PlinthPlus

How do I get to The Carl Marks Foundation Inc?

Find your warmest path to The Carl Marks Foundation Inc through trustees and officers whose names appear on both boards. Search for your organization and Plinth traces the shortest route it can evidence.

Each link is a name appearing on two organizations’ public IRS 990 filings, matched on that name and, where the filings support it, on location. A same-state match has geographic support, which is a second matching feature rather than confirmation that the two are one person; a cross-state one is the likeliest to be two people who share a name. Every hop shows its tier, low-confidence and distant paths are held back rather than guessed, and it is worth confirming the person before you use the introduction.

On method. Every financial figure here is read from IRS e-file XML, the funder’s own 990/990-PF, and from the multi-year returns of the 261 grantees we resolved, each linked to its source. Grantee outcomes are each organization’s own program-service reporting (Form 990, Part III), read as association with funding, never as caused by it. Low-confidence name matches are suppressed rather than guessed. How we build these →

How this is measured
Each figure carries one of six labels. Filed is what the funder reported on its return. Official is another government record about an organization, such as a federal award or a charity register, joined by name where no shared identifier exists. Resolved is an identity we worked out where the filing named a recipient without an EIN, kept only above a measured confidence threshold. Computed is arithmetic over those, like themes, portfolio clusters and co-funder strength. Context is a statistic about a place rather than about an organization, which is what the need overlay is: it describes the area a grantee’s address sits in, not where its work lands. Inferred is drawn by a model from text, like the partnerships read out of public news and organization websites. Each is labeled where it appears.

Generated from the IRS Form 990-PF e-file return for fiscal year 2025, released 2025. Filings run roughly 12 to 24 months behind; figures are dated accordingly.

Source object · view filing

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