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Charis Fund at a glanceAlso receives grants: funding profile →

· Private foundation

Charis Fund

Its FY2025 filing reports that it accepted unsolicited grant applications.

$453k
Granted FY2025still arriving
74
Grants FY2025still arriving
5
States reached
$8k
Largest
01What it fundsRead
02The needRead
03Its granteesRead
04Its fieldRead
05Through PlinthRead
01What it funds
01100% classified

What it funded, over time

Every grant placed by its stated purpose and the recipient’s mission, by year, FY2018 to 2025.

Human Services$693kHealth$584kFood & Nutrition$483kHousing & Shelter$437kYouth Development$345kCrime & Legal$148kEducation$82kPublic Safety & Disaster$60kOther$0
02FY2025 · 74 grants

Where the money goes

Grants by size, and the largest recipients.

$7,000
Median grant
5
States reached
$3.1M
Total assets
Largest grants
RecipientAmount
HOOD RIVER VALLEY ADULT CENTER$7,500
SAN FRANCISCO SAFEHOUSE$7,500
FREE CLINIC OF SOUTHWEST WASHINGTON$7,500
COMMUNITY RESOURCE CENTER$7,500
CASA PACIFICA CENTERS$7,500
SQUARE PEG FOUNDATION$7,500
ST VINCENT DE PAUL LA PINE$7,500
HELPING HANDS RESOURCES$7,500
ASSISTANCE LEAGUE OF GREATER PORTLA$7,500
COMMUNITY YOUTH CENTER$7,500
TRIUMPH TREATMENT SERVICES$7,500
VICTOR VALLEY DOMESTIC VIOLENCE INC$7,500
HEALTHY RURAL CALIFORNIA INC$7,500
CLATSOP COMMUNITY ACTION$7,500
SILVERTON AREA COMMUNITY AID$7,500
02The need
03

Does the money reach high-need areas?

Each grant placed by the hardship in its grantee’s ZIP, against the area’s typical level.

show:

Its human-services grants (FY18–25, $745k) land where the poverty rate runs at 10%, against an area that typically sits at 9%. 52% of those dollars go to grantees based in above-average-need neighborhoods. Its grants spread fairly evenly across need levels.

area typical 9%THE TAYLOR HOUSE: $5k → 6%LOVE A CHILD MISSIONS: $8k → 9%FRIENDS OF THE CHILDREN: $6k → 10%ALMA COMMUNITY CARE: $5k → 11%HUMBOLDT SOUPS ON: $8k → 18%CLACKAMAS WOMEN'S SERVICES: $5k → 8%BUILDING HEALTHY FAMILIES: $5k → 12%COMPASS HOUSE INC: $8k → 13%CASA OF POLK COUNTY: $5k → 13%PAX LEARNING CENTER: $5k → 9%CHILD CARE ACTION COUNCIL: $5k → 9%ORCAS COMMUNITY RESOURCE CENTER: $8k → 10%BAINBRIDGE YOUTH SERVICES: $5k → 10%YOUTHNET: $5k → 11%CASA PACIFICA: $5k → 10%HOUSING CONSORTIUM OF THE EAST BAY: $5k → 10%HOMELESS CHILDREN'S NETWORK: $5k → 10%CASA OF CENTRAL OREGON: $5k → 10%HOOD RIVER VALLEY ADULT CENTER: $8k → 10%COMPASS HOUSE INC: $7k → 13%HELPING HANDS RESOURCES: $8k → 14%UNITY SHELTER: $5k → 18%TODDLER LEARNING CENTER: $5k → 7%PAX LEARNING CENTER: $5k → 9%CASA PACIFICA: $5k → 10%HELPING HAND WORLDWIDE: $8k → 10%BRIGHT FUTURES FOR YOUTH: $6k → 11%ST JOHN'S PROGRAM FOR REAL CHANGE: $5k → 12%ASSISTANCE LEAGUE OF GREATER PORTLA: $8k → 8%COMPASS HOUSE INC: $5k → 13%YOUTH HOMES INC: $6k → 9%WHITE PONY EXPRESS: $8k → 9%HUCKLEBERRY YOUTH PROGRAMS: $8k → 10%SILVERTON AREA COMMUNITY AID: $8k → 14%BERKELEY FOOD HOUSING PROJECT: $8k → 10%LOVED TWICE: $8k → 10%LOVED TWICE: $8k → 10%FAMILY PROMISE OF METRO EAST: $8k → 12%WHITE PONY EXPRESS: $8k → 9%FAMILY CONNECTIONS CENTERS: $8k → 10%NORTH BEACH CITIZENS: $8k → 10%RAPHAEL HOUSE: $8k → 12%THE SOPHIA WAY: $6k → 9%STORE TO DOOR: $8k → 12%GROWING GARDENS: $6k → 12%ELIZABETH GREGORY HOME: $10k → 9%UNIVERSITY DISTRICT FOOD BANK: $8k → 9%ELIZABETH GREGORY HOME: $8k → 9%0%20%40%50%more need →
grant to an above-average-need area below average· circle size = grant amount
How this is measured
Matched: human-services grants are those whose grantee’s IRS cause code is Human Services. Placed by people below the poverty line in the grantee’s ZIP, averaged from the tracts in that ZIP.

Which US states its grants reach

WA
OR
NV
IA
PA
CA
MD
AZ
DC
How this is measured
US grants placed by each grantee’s ZIP, which can differ from where services are delivered. Need from public data (U.S. Census/ACS, CDC PLACES, Eviction Lab, USDA), shown as context about the area, never attributed to the funder’s giving.
03Its grantees
repeat funding

Who it funds again

Organizations funded in more than one year, against those funded once.

55%of every dollar goes to organizations it has funded before.
$1.7M · 130 repeat orgs$1.4M to everyone else

Grantees it renews have grown median revenue +49% since the first grant, against +15% for those funded once.

130 repeat relationships: 25 still active in FY2025, 105 since wound down; 48 grantees were first funded in FY2025 (too recent to call).

How the two cohorts compare

Re-uppedFunded once

Organizations

130
210

Total granted

$1.7M
$1.1M

Median revenue growth · since first grant

+49%
+15%

Still filing today

90%
65%

New vs renewed · share of each year

In FY2025, 36% of grant dollars renewed an existing relationship; $290k went to new ones.

50%100%’18’19’20’21’22’23’24’25
RenewedFirst-time

Where new relationships form · theme of each grantee’s first grant

’18’19’20’21’22’23’24’25
Human ServicesHealthFood & NutritionYouth DevelopmentHousing & ShelterCrime & LegalOther
How this is measured
First-time means a grantee’s first year in the filing window; renewed means funded in an earlier year too. The renewed share climbs naturally as a portfolio matures, so the signal is a year that bucks it (a wave of new grantees). The earliest year is left-censored: relationships that predate the data read as new. Theme is the grantee’s IRS cause.

Backed again, and grew

  • CS
    Clay Street Table
    4× · 2019–2023 · $26k · revenue +67%
  • AO
    Acres of Diamonds
    5× · 2018–2024 · $25k · revenue +242%
  • CASA OF CLACKAMAS COUNTY
    5× · 2020–2024 · $25k · revenue +42%

Funded once

  • F(
    FISH (FRIENDS IN SERVICE HELPING)
    one grant, 2019 · $10k
  • WN
    WINTER NIGHTS SHELTER
    one grant, 2019 · $10k
  • URBAN GLEANERS
    one grant, 2024 · $8k · revenue 0%
How this is measured

Repeat means funded in two or more distinct years. Growth and survival are read from each grantee’s own subsequent IRS filings.

04Its field

Closest unfunded matches

The nonprofits that most resemble its grantees but are not funded by it, scored along the direction from the rest of the field toward the portfolio. A resemblance in what they say they do, not a recommendation.

1
Network Services

Network services has been serving homeless families in the puget sound area since 1990, with a focus on families with children. network services aims to break the cycle of homelessness by providing assistance to families with children to…

Human Services
2
Recovery Cafe Skagit

Provide a safe, healing, and restorative community that empowers long-term transformation through human connection for those recovering from the trauma of homelessness, addictions, and mental health challenges.

Education
3
Port Angeles Food Bank

Nourishing our community. the port angeles food bank is the main food bank in clallam county, providing food to 13 other area pantries and meal programs as well as providing food to over 5,000 individuals per month.

Food & Nutrition
4
Lutheran Community Services Northwest

LCSNW partners with individuals, families and communities for health, justice and hope. LCSNW provides a wide variety of social services in Oregon, Washington and Idaho and serves people of all ages, cultures and faiths.

Human Services
5
Community Human Services Corporation

Chs empowers individuals and families to live in stable housing, connect to community resources, build relationships and access quality food.

Human Services
6
Bay Area Community Services Housing Corp

Improve the quality of life for individuals in Alameda County, Contra Costa County, Solano County, Monterey County, Sacramento County and the surrounding area in the State of California.

Housing & Shelter
7
Homeward Bound of Marin

Homeward Bound is the main provider of emergency shelter, supportive housing and services for people overcoming a crisis of homelessness in Marin County, California. Our mission of "opening doors to safety, dignity, hope, and…

Housing & Shelter
8
Columbia River Mental Health Services

Columbia river mental health services is a full service mental health agency offering a wide spectrum of behavioral health services to children and adults of clark county, washington.

Health
9
Family Promise of Pierce County

To empower families experiencing housing insecurity through intervention, prevention,and stabilization services.

Housing & Shelter
10
Transitions

Transitions works to end poverty and homelessness for women and children in Spokane, Washington.

Human Services
11
Clackamas Service Center

Clackamas service center is an inclusive, "one-stop" community center for individuals and families seeking food relief and resources for improved health, dignity, and stability.

Human Services
12
Youth Empowerment Shelter

To provide youth in crisis a place of physical and emotional safety while assisting them to build positive relationships and develop their individual potentials.

Youth Development
How this is measured
The grantee most central to the portfolio’s shape is Operation Nightwatch Inc; the most unlike its peers is Raven Rock Ranch. Resemblance is measured on each organization’s own IRS 990 mission text; it reflects how work is described, not its quality or impact.
04the grantee network

298 grantees tracked through their own filings, 2017–2025.

Each grant beside the grantee’s revenue from every source, year by year.

How this is measured

Counted here: distinct organizations funded across 2017 to 2025, not grant rows in a single year, so this will not match the grant count on the cover. 298 of the 389 grantees resolved in that span have returns of their own we could reconcile.

Each grantee is resolved to its own IRS returns. Association, dated; never a causal claim.

1
Load-bearing (≥25% of a budget)
89
Early backer (in before they grew)
295/298
Grantees still filing
197/298
Grew since first funded

Where the money sits, by cause and then by grantee

+64 more: $714,800 · Human Services+64 moreThe Good Shepherd Gracenter of San Francisco: $24,500 · Other+66 more: $676,301 · Other+66 moreAcres of Diamonds: $25,000 · HealthAcres of DiamondsEmilio Nares Foundation: $25,000 · HealthEmilio Nares Foun…FRIENDS OF YOUTH: $21,500 · HealthFRIENDS OF YOUTHYAKIMA VALLEY COUNCIL ON ALCOHOLISM: $18,500 · HealthYAKIMA VALLEY COU…FREE CLINIC OF SOUTHWEST WASHINGTON: $17,500 · HealthSAFE HARBOR FREE CLINIC: $15,000 · HealthASSIST: $13,500 · HealthCANCER LIFELINE: $12,500 · HealthWHIDBEY ISLAND HOSPITAL FOUNDATION: $12,500 · HealthSQUARE PEG FOUNDATION: $12,500 · Health+20 more: $166,950 · Health+20 moreClay Street Table: $25,500 · Food & NutritionClay Stre…LA PINE COMMUNITY KITCHEN: $25,000 · Food & NutritionLA PINE C…SPIN CAFE: $25,000 · Food & NutritionSPIN CAFEFOOD FOR THOUGHT: $22,500 · Food & NutritionFOOD FOR …REDWOOD EMPIRE FOOD BANK: $15,000 · Food & NutritionREDWOOD E…STANWOOD-CAMANO FOOD BANK SERVICES: $10,000 · Food & NutritionSTANWOOD-…URBAN GLEANERS: $7,500 · Food & NutritionFOOD FOR PEOPLE INC: $7,500 · Food & NutritionFISH Food Bank: $7,500 · Food & NutritionSECOND HARVEST FOOD BANK SANTA CRUZ COUNTY: $7,500 · Food & NutritionFOOD FINDERS INC: $7,500 · Food & NutritionExtrafood: $7,500 · Food & NutritionTHE FRIENDLY KITCHEN: $7,500 · Food & Nutrition+1 more: $6,000 · Food & NutritionFRIENDS OF THE CHILDREN: $18,000 · Youth DevelopmentBOYS & GIRLS CLUB OF CORVALLIS INC: $16,000 · Youth DevelopmentFRIENDS OF THE CHILDREN - SEATTLE: $15,000 · Youth DevelopmentGEEKING OUT KIDS OF COLOR: $15,000 · Youth DevelopmentCHILD ADVOCACY CENTER OF SNOHOMISH COUNTY: $13,000 · Youth DevelopmentGIRLS INC OF GREATER LOS ANGELES: $10,000 · Youth DevelopmentBELONG Partners: $10,000 · Youth DevelopmentSEATTLE CARES CIRCLE OF THE NATIONAL CARES MENTORING MOVEMENT: $10,000 · Youth DevelopmentPortland YouthBuilders: $9,000 · Youth DevelopmentZ GIRLS FOUNDATION: $7,500 · Youth DevelopmentNortheast Youth and Family Services: $7,500 · Youth DevelopmentCOMMUNITY YOUTH CENTER: $7,500 · Youth DevelopmentWinter Nights Family Shelter Inc: $16,000 · Housing & ShelterCONGREGATIONS FOR THE HOMELESS: $15,000 · Housing & ShelterOPERATION DIGNITY INC: $12,500 · Housing & ShelterAGAPE VILLAGE: $10,000 · Housing & ShelterSHEPHERD'S HOUSE MINISTRIES: $9,545 · Housing & ShelterTENDERLOIN NEIGHBORHOOD DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION: $7,500 · Housing & ShelterNEXT CHAPTER FOUNDATION: $7,500 · Housing & ShelterSAFE SHELTER FOR SIUSLAW STUDENTS: $7,000 · Housing & ShelterCASA OF CLACKAMAS COUNTY: $25,000 · Crime & LegalTHE INSIGHT ALLIANCE: $21,000 · Crime & LegalIn Our Backyard: $12,500 · Crime & LegalSTREET YOUTH MINITRIES: $11,000 · Crime & LegalKIDS INTERVENTION AND DIAGNOSTIC SERVICE CENTER: $7,500 · Crime & Legal
Human Services$714,800Other$700,801Health$340,450Food & Nutrition$181,500Youth Development$138,500Housing & Shelter$85,045Crime & Legal$77,000

Showing the 200 largest grantees by grant value.

Each grantee by its size and the funder’s share of it; top left is load-bearing

25%50%75%100%$100k$1.0M$10M$100Mgrantee revenue →↑ funder's share of their budgetClay Street Table: $25,500 over 4y, 4.1% of budgetAcres of Diamonds: $25,000 over 5y, 0.3% of budgetCASA OF CLACKAMAS COUNTY: $25,000 over 5y, 0.8% of budgetLA PINE COMMUNITY KITCHEN: $25,000 over 3y, 2.1% of budgetEmilio Nares Foundation: $25,000 over 4y, 0.6% of budgetSPIN CAFE: $25,000 over 4y, 5.1% of budgetThe Good Shepherd Gracenter of San Francisco: $24,500 over 3y, 1.4% of budgetFOOD FOR THOUGHT: $22,500 over 4y, 0.3% of budgetASSISTANCE LEAGUE OF GREATER PORTLAND: $22,500 over 4y, 0.7% of budgetFRIENDS OF YOUTH: $21,500 over 4y, 0.1% of budgetTHE INSIGHT ALLIANCE: $21,000 over 4y, 3.2% of budgetTHE SOPHIA WAY: $21,000 over 4y, 0.2% of budgetWHITE PONY EXPRESS: $20,000 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetCOMPASS HOUSE INC: $20,000 over 3y, 1.1% of budgetGREATER MAPLE VALLEY COMMUNITY CENTER: $20,000 over 4y, 0.6% of budgetBRIDGE RECEIVING CENTER: $20,000 over 4y, 2.1% of budgetYAKIMA VALLEY COUNCIL ON ALCOHOLISM: $18,500 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetKINDRED PARTNERS: $18,009 over 3y, 0.8% of budgetGREEN PLATE SPECIAL: $18,000 over 4y, 1.1% of budgetFRIENDS OF THE CHILDREN: $18,000 over 4y, 0.1% of budgetSALEM FREE CLINICS: $17,900 over 3y, 0.6% of budgetElizabeth Home: $17,500 over 2y, 0.9% of budgetFREE CLINIC OF SOUTHWEST WASHINGTON: $17,500 over 3y, 0.6% of budgetAmerican National Red Cross & Its Constituent Chapters and Branches: $17,500 over 2y, 0.0% of budgetST FRANCIS HOUSE: $17,500 over 3y, 1.2% of budgetCOMMITTEE ON THE SHELTERLESS: $16,500 over 2y, 0.2% of budgetHUCKLEBERRY YOUTH PROGRAMS INC: $16,500 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetBOYS & GIRLS CLUB OF CORVALLIS INC: $16,000 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetGrowing Gardens: $16,000 over 3y, 0.6% of budgetWinter Nights Family Shelter Inc: $16,000 over 2y, 2.1% of budgetTHE GREENHOUSE PROJECT: $16,000 over 3y, 3.7% of budgetRAPHAEL HOUSE OF PORTLAND: $15,500 over 3y, 0.2% of budgetARLINGTON EDUCATION FOUNDATION: $15,000 over 3y, 8.0% of budgetNAMI WASHINGTON: $15,000 over 3y, 0.5% of budgetFRIENDS OF THE CHILDREN - SEATTLE: $15,000 over 3y, 0.2% of budgetLoaves and Fishes of Contra Costa: $15,000 over 3y, 0.2% of budgetSAFE HARBOR FREE CLINIC: $15,000 over 3y, 0.7% of budgetSTEPS: $15,000 over 3y, 0.4% of budgetBYRD BARR PLACE: $15,000 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetLoved Twice: $15,000 over 2y, 0.9% of budgetWORLD CENTRAL KITCHEN INC: $15,000 over 2y, 0.0% of budgetIMPACT NW: $15,000 over 3y, 0.0% of budgetREDWOOD EMPIRE FOOD BANK: $15,000 over 2y, 0.0% of budgetCONGREGATIONS FOR THE HOMELESS: $15,000 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetGEEKING OUT KIDS OF COLOR: $15,000 over 2y, 0.9% of budgetLITTLE BIT THERAPEUTIC RIDING CENTER: $14,000 over 3y, 0.2% of budgetASSIST: $13,500 over 3y, 1.2% of budgetFEEDING PETS OF THE HOMELESS AKA PETS OF THE HOMELESS: $13,000 over 3y, 0.4% of budget
Grantee by grantee: a decade per organization, before and after funding

A decade per grantee: revenue shaded, grants as bars, all rows on one timeline.

Co-funders

Grantmakers whose grantees overlap with this funder’s far more than size alone predicts. Closer means stronger alignment; arcs show where they also fund each other. Here they form a tightly interlocked group: most of these funders back each other's grantees too.

The Autzen FoundationMarie Lamfrom Charita…The Norcliffe Foundat…Moccasin Lake Foundat…Puget Sound Energy Fo…Garneau Nicon Family …OCF Joseph E Weston P…The Robert D and Marc…Medina FoundationLucky Seven FoundationUmpqua Bank Charitabl…M J Murdock Charitabl…
The Autzen FoundationOR96.4× affinity68 shared granteesties to 11 of 11Hover any node to trace its alignments.Compare side by side →

Open a dossier: The Autzen Foundation · Marie Lamfrom Charitable Foundation Trust · The Norcliffe Foundation · Moccasin Lake Foundation · Puget Sound Energy Foundation · Garneau Nicon Family Foundation · OCF Joseph E Weston Public Foundation · The Robert D and Marcia H Randall Charitable Trust · Medina Foundation · Lucky Seven Foundation · Umpqua Bank Charitable Foundation · M J Murdock Charitable Trust

How this is measured
Affinity is a Gamma-Poisson posterior co-funding rate, re-centered on the typical rate, so thin evidence shrinks toward no signal. Overlap is association, not proof of shared intent.

How much its grantees rely on government

Each dot is one organization Charis Fund funds: left to right is the share of its income from government, bottom to top the share from Charis Fund. Bigger dots raise more.

2024
’20’21’22’23’24’25
no gov · 160%1%4%8%15%funder's share of their income ↑0%25%50%75%100%share of the org’s income from government →median 23%
  • Family Building Blocks Inc: 68% of income from government
  • Jackson Street Youth Shelter Inc: 59% of income from government
  • Kindred Partners: 42% of income from government
  • Unity Shelter: 42% of income from government
  • Building Healthy Families: 41% of income from government
  • Portland YouthBuilders: 35% of income from government
  • Clackamas Women's Services: 33% of income from government
  • Responder Life: 33% of income from government
  • Transition Projects Inc: 29% of income from government
  • Friends of Zenger Farm: 28% of income from government
  • Clatsop Community Action: 26% of income from government
  • Project 48 Inc: 23% of income from government
  • Parrott Creek Child and Family Services: 20% of income from government
  • Boys & Girls Club of Corvallis Inc: 16% of income from government
  • Ywca of Greater Portland: 15% of income from government
  • Raphael House of Portland: 10% of income from government
  • Outgrowing Hunger: 9% of income from government
  • Impact Nw: 8% of income from government
  • Compass House Inc: 7% of income from government
  • Growing Gardens: 6% of income from government
  • The Boys & Girls Aid Society of Oregon: 3% of income from government
  • Casa of Central Oregon: 2% of income from government
  • Casa of Clackamas County: 0% of income from government
  • David's Harp 930771871: 0% of income from government
no gov moneyreceives it· size = income
16get no government money at all
92report government grants on their 990 we could not trace to a source (not plotted)
2rely on government for over half their income
typical government reliance, FY20–25
How this is measured
Government income is each org’s traced federal awards (USASpending grants and contracts) plus state payments (open checkbooks) as a share of its total revenue (IRS Form 990); the self-reported government-grant line (990 line 1e) is carried for cross-check: a grantee that reports government grants we could not trace to a source is left off the chart rather than shown as receiving none. An association, not a claim that a grant caused the public funding. Coverage is precision-first, a floor rather than a census; state records exist for 9 states, so a grantee outside them shows no state figure (dimmed) rather than a false zero. Federal award amounts are obligations, which can span years, so a single-year share is indicative. 990 filings lag 12 to 24 months.
05Through Plinth

Warm introductions · Powered by PlinthPlus

How do I get to Charis Fund?

Find your warmest path to Charis Fund through trustees and officers whose names appear on both boards. Search for your organization and Plinth traces the shortest route it can evidence.

Each link is a name appearing on two organizations’ public IRS 990 filings, matched on that name and, where the filings support it, on location. A same-state match has geographic support, which is a second matching feature rather than confirmation that the two are one person; a cross-state one is the likeliest to be two people who share a name. Every hop shows its tier, low-confidence and distant paths are held back rather than guessed, and it is worth confirming the person before you use the introduction.

On method. Every financial figure here is read from IRS e-file XML, the funder’s own 990/990-PF, and from the multi-year returns of the 389 grantees we resolved, each linked to its source. Grantee outcomes are each organization’s own program-service reporting (Form 990, Part III), read as association with funding, never as caused by it. Low-confidence name matches are suppressed rather than guessed. How we build these →

How this is measured
Each figure carries one of six labels. Filed is what the funder reported on its return. Official is another government record about an organization, such as a federal award or a charity register, joined by name where no shared identifier exists. Resolved is an identity we worked out where the filing named a recipient without an EIN, kept only above a measured confidence threshold. Computed is arithmetic over those, like themes, portfolio clusters and co-funder strength. Context is a statistic about a place rather than about an organization, which is what the need overlay is: it describes the area a grantee’s address sits in, not where its work lands. Inferred is drawn by a model from text, like the partnerships read out of public news and organization websites. Each is labeled where it appears.

Generated from the IRS Form 990-PF e-file return for fiscal year 2025, released 2025. Filings run roughly 12 to 24 months behind; figures are dated accordingly.

Source object · view filing

Play a game based on Charis’ filings →

More from the funding graph

The unnamed billions
grants reported with no recipient in the public record
The regranting layer
51% of grant dollars land in the regranting layer
The DAF merry-go-round
$9.7B circulates between donor-advised funds
The endowment market
who holds foundation money, and what just moved
The camps
funders cluster by geography, not ideology
By state
where grant money is based, and what stays home