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Texas · Nonprofit

Houston Zoo Inc

Houston Zoo Inc (Texas) receives grants from 171 organizations whose IRS filings report $46,615,727 to it, the largest being DAN L DUNCAN FOUNDATION ($7,458,070). 109 of them have funded it in more than one year.

Revenue FY2024
$83M
Funders on record
171
Grants received
$47M
Net assets
$332M
109/171 repeat funderspeak grant-dependency 11%
01What it does

What Houston Zoo Inc does

Mission

Mission: Connect communities with animals, inspiring action to save wildlife. Vision: Be a leader in the global movement to save wildlife. (Continued on Schedule O) Houston Zoo, Inc. (HZI) strives to be a zoo that practices exemplary animal care, delivers an outstanding guest experience, creates a workplace that instills respect and teamwork, provides learning opportunities, promotes conservation awareness, and inspires community support.

As stated on its FY2024 Form 990.

Programs

  1. Houston Zoo, Inc. (HZI), accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA), upholds the gold standard in animal care, safety, conservation, and education, earning a rare 100% clean AZA evaluation in 2024, a distinction achieved by only eight institutions in AZA history. In 2024, HZI welcomed over 2,000,000 guests, reflecting its "Zoo for All" commitment to accessibility. Attendance was distributed as follows: - 32% Members - 30% General Admission - 29% Free or Discounted Admission (including Free Entry, Lone Star cardholders, Military families, and Seniors) - 9% Zoo Lights (Continued on Schedule O)This "Zoo for All" access ensures families from diverse economic backgrounds experience the Zoo's animals, gardens, amenities and wildlife saving programming. In 2024, HZI opened Birds of the World on August 30, a major Centennial Master Plan project. This immersive exhibit showcases avian biodiversity across African Savanna, North American Woodlands, and South American Wetlands aviaries, connecting visitors to global conservation efforts and modernizing infrastructure on the Zoo's 55-acre campus. Volunteer engagement was a highlight again in 2024, with 479 adult volunteers…

    $54,992,357 spent$51,485,469 earned by the program
    91% of program spending
  2. Wildlife conservation is a core HZI mission. In 2024, the Zoo supported 33 long-term partnerships across 17 countries, linking on-site animal care with global field conservation. Regional efforts focused on Texas species of concern, including: - Houston Toad Conservation: Release of 1,865,700 eggs, 4,300 tadpoles, and 430 toadlets in Bastrop County in partnership with USFWS and Texas State University. - Attwater's Prairie Chicken Conservation: Breeding and release of 58 birds into native grasslands. - Sea Turtle Conservation: Provided medical care for over 50 injured or stranded wild sea turtles along the Texas coast. (Continued on Schedule O)International wildlife conservation programs emphasized species in the Zoo's collection, exemplified by Birds of the World, which connects guests to partners protecting endangered avian species globally. Other efforts included protecting jaguars, giant anteaters, and tapirs in Brazil's Pantanal and reducing marine wildlife threats from plastic pollution in the Galapagos Islands and the Gulf Coast. Through these initiatives, HZI advances wildlife conservation locally and globally while engaging Houstonians in meaningful action.

    $3,822,924 spentof which $2,790,863 as grants
    6% of program spending
  3. The Houston Zoo's Conservation Education Department engaged 725,235 participants in 2024 through camps, school partnerships, interpretive programs, and community outreach, fostering wildlife-saving actions. Key initiatives included: - Camp Zoofari: Immersive summer sessions for children ages 6-12, with 2,040 campers enrolled and scholarships provided to families with demonstrated financial need. - Zoo Crew Teen Program: Provided conservation skills training for 68 high school students, fostering leadership in wildlife conservation. (Continued on Schedule O) - School Partnerships and Free Field Trips: Supported 88,000 K-12 students through free field trips, with 80% from Title I schools, many in federally recognized Justice40 communities. Additionally, 17,359 college students from four local colleges visited for free, and 12,031 participants engaged in pre-scheduled programs, including Camp Zoofari, Zoo Crew, Overnights, Animal Encounters, and pro-bono Community Outreach. - On-Site Interpretation: Staff and volunteers facilitated 250,000 guest interactions, promoting conservation awareness through storytelling and demonstrations. These programs underscore HZI's commitment to…

    $1,819,376 spent$736,069 earned by the program
    3% of program spending

The 3 programs described on its FY2024 Form 990, listed largest first by expense. Program spending in total: $60,634,657.

02The organization over time

The organization over time

Each line starts at 100 in 2017, so what you read is the shape rather than the size: 150 means half as much again as 2017, 50 means half. The number beside each label in the key is where it ended. The shaded band is where the middle 50% of its peers' revenue would sit, given their growth.

100 = 20172017 Revenue 100 ($71M) Expenses 100 ($49M) Net assets 100 ($168M)2018 Revenue 145 ($103M) Expenses 103 ($50M) Net assets 129 ($217M)2019 Revenue 104 ($74M) Expenses 109 ($53M) Net assets 142 ($239M)2020 Revenue 76 ($54M) Expenses 93 ($45M) Net assets 148 ($250M)2021 Revenue 118 ($84M) Expenses 100 ($48M) Net assets 169 ($284M)2022 Revenue 96 ($68M) Expenses 112 ($54M) Net assets 175 ($294M)2023 Revenue 116 ($83M) Expenses 129 ($63M) Net assets 189 ($318M)2024 Revenue 116 ($83M) Expenses 145 ($70M) Net assets 197 ($332M)
'17'18'19'20'21'22'23'24
Revenue (116)Expenses (145)Net assets (197)Peer revenue range

Balance sheet

Total assets and total liabilities at each year end, in dollars. The largest one-year move in total assets was 2017 to 2018, from $173M to $226M (+31%).

$173M
$226M
$253M
$286M
$327M
$349M
$380M
$381M
'17'18'19'20'21'22'23'24
Total assetsTotal liabilities

How it's funded, over time

Each bar is one year's revenue split into where it came from, and every bar is the same height — these are shares, not amounts, so a year that raised twice as much looks the same size. Hover a bar for the split.

2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
ContributionsProgram revenueInvestmentOther

Government-grant reliance: 2017 0% · 2018 0% · 2020 10% · 2021 21% · 2022 1% · 2023 1% · 2024 0%. Grants only. Government contracts and fees sit inside program revenue.

30% of Houston Zoo Inc’s revenue is contributions — more earned-revenue than three-quarters of its peers (67% for the typical peer).

This organization
Typical peer · 238 orgs

Surplus & reserves

Operating surplus or deficit each year, and months of liquidity in hand. 0 of the last 8 reported years ran a deficit.

$23M
’17
$53M
’18
$21M
’19
$9.0M
’20
$36M
’21
$14M
’22
$20M
’23
$12M
’24
3.0
months of
reserve

Leadership and staff

The officers, directors, trustees and key employees listed on each return. Joined and no longer listed compare each filing with the year before, matching people by surname and first initial; a year after a gap, or a roster under three people, has no comparison.

Chief executive

Lee Ehmke

President & CEO

Board chair

Joe Cleary

Board Chair

As listed on its FY2024 Form 990.

'17'18'19'20'21'22'23'24
Listed4446504649515357
Joined·+13+12+6+6+8+10+17
No longer listed·1181036813
03Who funds it

Who funds it, year by year

2017 → 2023: the base broadened from 42 funders to 74 funders, grant income rose $2.5M → $6.1M.

17 of 171 of your funders are donor-advised or pass-through sponsors (tagged DAF) — 21% of grant dollars received. That money is really individual donors directing a sponsor; the institutions to cultivate are the non-DAF funders.

Left out of every figure on this page: $2.9M from 7 payers (the payer shares this organization's board, largest Houston Arts Alliance). These are real filings, and they are not money Houston Zoo Inc raised.

From the IRS filings of Houston Zoo Inc’s funders (the co-funder graph). Top 30 of 171 funders by total. Association, not causation. Trends are read to FY2023, the last fiscal year that has finished arriving. FY2024–FY2026 are still being filed and are shown unshaded; they do not move any figure on this page.

How concentrated its funding is

Houston Zoo Inc has a broad base — no single funder exceeds 16% of grant income, and it takes 6 funders to reach half.

the vertical line marks half of all grant income — 6 funders to its left

16%
largest funder
38%
top three
~15
effective funders

Largest funder’s share by year: 2017 36% · 2018 60% · 2019 20% · 2020 25% · 2021 14% · 2022 19% · 2023 31% — diversifying over time.

“Effective funders” = inverse Herfindahl index (1 / Σ shareᵢ²) — the number of equal-sized funders that would give the same concentration. Trends are read to FY2023, the last fiscal year that has finished arriving. FY2024–FY2026 are still being filed and are shown unshaded; they do not move any figure on this page.

How long its funders stay

47% of Houston Zoo Inc's funders are still giving 3 years after their first grant; 64% give in more than one year at all.

first grant+1y+2y+3y+4y+5y+6y

Share of funders still giving k years after their first recorded grant, pooled across every acquisition cohort. A funder counts as retained in a year only if it made a grant that year. Measured to FY2023, the last fiscal year that has finished arriving — a funder cannot be counted as lapsed in a year most filers have not reached.

Where its funders are

96% of Houston Zoo Inc's grant income comes from Texas funders.

IL
NY
OH
PA
NJ
CT
RI
CA
CO
MD
DE
AZ
KS
TN
NC
OK
LA
AL
TX
FL

In-state vs out-of-state, by year

’17
’18
’19
’20
’21
’22
’23
Texas out of state home

Funder states come from each funder’s own filing. $9.9M arriving through sponsors registered in 14 states is excluded from the map and the split above: a sponsor holds money on a donor’s behalf, so its registered address would place those dollars somewhere no donor need ever have been. Trends are read to FY2023, the last fiscal year that has finished arriving. FY2024–FY2026 are still being filed and are shown unshaded; they do not move any figure on this page.

04Its place in the field

Against its field

Houston Zoo Inc runs a healthier operating margin than half of the 235 animals nonprofits its size.

Operating margin15% · above the median
Months of reserve3.0mo · below the median
Revenue growth (annualized)2% · bottom quartile

this organization peer median middle 50% of peers· 235 animals nonprofits $10M–$100M, FY2024

Government funding Houston Zoo Inc receives

Grants and contracts to this organization from federal (USASpending) and state checkbooks, reconciled to its EIN. $2.6M on record.

Federal$2.6M
grants $2.6Mcontracts $0
17
19
20
21
22
23
24
Top agencies
  • Department of the Interior$2.4M
  • Institute of Museum and Library Services$250k

Federal grants vs contracts are distinguished; state line items keep their reported category. Matched by name + geography (the BMF), so coverage is partial and precision-first.

Organizations like Houston Zoo Inc

Organizations whose mission and program text most resemble this one, by semantic similarity over every organization in the US filings — the closest peers, and often the clearest route to shared or prospective funders.

In Texas

Nationally

05Profile & governance

Read directly from this organization’s own Form 990, as neutral context.

Where the money goes

86% of spending goes to programs.

Program 86%Management 8%Fundraising 6%

Governance

33
board members
100%
independent
✓Conflict-of-interest policy✓Whistleblower policy✓Document retention✓Board reviewed the 990✓Audited financials

Public support

94%

Share of support from the public (Schedule A) — the basis for its public-charity status.

Screen this organization

A dated, signed PDF of the compliance screen for Houston Zoo Inc: IRS status (Business Master File, Publication 78, auto-revocation), the OFAC sanctions lists, the Internal Revenue Bulletin, and California registration, with the Rev. Proc. 2018-32 §8.01 reliance elements stated element by element. Generated from the current files at the moment you download it.

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Screens are triage, not determinations; a source that cannot be read reports not screened, never clear. Screen this nonprofit · How the screen works · on the API as GET /api/screening/{ein}?format=pdf

Questions and answers

Who funds Houston Zoo Inc?
Houston Zoo Inc (Texas) receives grants from 171 organizations whose IRS filings report $46,615,727 to it, the largest being DAN L DUNCAN FOUNDATION ($7,458,070). 109 of them have funded it in more than one year.
How many funders does Houston Zoo Inc have?
IRS filings report 171 organizations giving $46,615,727 in grants to Houston Zoo Inc, 109 of which have funded it in more than one year.
Who is the largest funder of Houston Zoo Inc?
DAN L DUNCAN FOUNDATION is the largest funder on record, with $7,458,070 in grants. The full list of funders is on this page.
How can an organization like Houston Zoo Inc find more funders?
Start with the funders already giving here, then look at the foundations that back similar organizations in Texas. The funding by cause and by state pages list the largest funders for a given area and how to approach them.

These figures are read directly from IRS Form 990 / 990-PF e-file XML: this organization’s own return for FY2024 (financials across 2017–2024), and the filings of 171 funders that report grants to it. “On record” means captured in the filings we have parsed — a funder that does not e-file, or whose grant detail is not itemized, will not appear. Filings run roughly 12–24 months behind. Trends on this page end at FY2023, the last fiscal year that has finished arriving; later years are shown and marked, and move no figure. Data on this page was exported October 22, 2026. What this page cannot tell you · view filing