Skip to content

· Private foundation

Henry Nias Foundation Inc

Its FY2025 filing reports that it accepted unsolicited grant applications.

$1.2M
Granted FY2025still arriving
50
Grants FY2025still arriving
7
States reached
$75k
Largest
01What it funds
0197% classified

What it funded, over time

Every grant placed by its stated purpose and the recipient’s mission, by year, FY2017 to 2025.

Philanthropy$23MArts & Culture$2.0MHealth$1.4MEducation$973kHuman Services$945kYouth Development$513kFood & Nutrition$411kReligion$333kOther$0
02FY2025 · 50 grants

Where the money goes

Grants by size, and the largest recipients.

How this is measured
The 50 grants below total $1,084,000, the rows itemized in this filing. The $1,230,000 headline is the total grant expense on the return; the other $146,000 is giving the schedule does not break out (grants under the $5,000 itemization floor, grants to individuals, grants on other schedules). Every figure below describes the itemized rows only.

By grant size · FY2025

  • Under $10k11 grants · $50k
  • $10k–50k35 grants · $793k
  • $50k–250k4 grants · $241k
$20,000
Median grant
7
States reached
$28M
Total assets
Largest grants
RecipientAmount
TALENTED TEEN CLUB$75,000
MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS, HOUSTON$66,000
LINCOLN CENTER THEATER$50,000
92ND STREET Y$50,000
LIGHTHOUSE FOR THE BLIND$45,000
ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE - B'NAI BRITH$40,000
CHICAGO LIGHTHOUSE$35,000
HEALTHY MOTHERS HEALTHY BABIES$35,000
PLANNED PARENTHOOD OF NEW YORK CITY$35,000
COLUMBIA COLLEGE, MUSEUM OF CON.$34,000
GOLD COAST DOWN SYNDROME ORGANIZATION, INC$30,000
PALM BEACH ZOO AND CONSERVATION CENTER$30,000
SCHOOLHOUSE CHILDREN'S MUSEUM$30,000
ROGER BALDWIN FOUNDATION OF ACLU ILLINOIS$25,000
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY$25,000
02The need
03

Does the money reach high-need areas?

Each grant placed by the hardship in its grantee’s ZIP, against the area’s typical level.

show:

Its human-services grants (FY17–18, $230k) land where the poverty rate runs at 13%, against an area that typically sits at 12%. 49% of those dollars go to grantees based in above-average-need neighborhoods. Its grants spread fairly evenly across need levels.

area typical 12%Children's Home of Poughkeepsie: $35k → 9%OTSAR: $25k → 20%Fidelco Guide Dog Foundation: $5k → 11%TEAM Inc: $25k → 12%CHILDREN'S HOME OF POUGHKEEPSIE: $35k → 9%OTSAR: $25k → 20%GIFTS OF LOVE: $5k → 11%TEAM INC: $15k → 12%Caridad Center: $15k → 11%THE BLUE CARD: $8k → 17%FAMILY PROMISE OF MOORE COUNTY: $2k → 10%AMERICAN ASSN OF CAREGIVING YOUTH: $15k → 11%JEWISH ASSOCIATION FOR SERVICES TO AGED: $10k → 17%FAMILY PROMISE OF MOORE COUNTY: $2k → 10%THE ARC OF MOORE COUNTY: $2k → 10%Jewish Association for Services to Aged: $5k → 17%THE ARC OF MOORE COUNTY: $1k → 10%0%20%40%50%more need →
grant to an above-average-need area below average· circle size = grant amount
How this is measured
Matched: human-services grants are those whose grantee’s IRS cause code is Human Services. Placed by people below the poverty line in the grantee’s ZIP, averaged from the tracts in that ZIP.

Which US states its grants reach

IL
NY
MA
OH
PA
CT
NC
FL
How this is measured
US grants placed by each grantee’s ZIP, which can differ from where services are delivered. Need from public data (U.S. Census/ACS, CDC PLACES, Eviction Lab, USDA), shown as context about the area, never attributed to the funder’s giving.
03Its grantees
repeat funding

Who it funds again

Organizations funded in more than one year, against those funded once.

23%of every dollar goes to organizations it has funded before.
$7.1M · 110 repeat orgs$24M to everyone else

Grantees it renews have grown median revenue +42% since the first grant, against +10% for those funded once.

110 repeat relationships: 43 still active in FY2025, 67 since wound down; 5 grantees were first funded in FY2025 (too recent to call).

How the two cohorts compare

Re-uppedFunded once

Organizations

110
44

Total granted

$7.1M
$24M

Median revenue growth · since first grant

+42%
+10%

Still filing today

70%
39%

New vs renewed · share of each year

In FY2025, 94% of grant dollars renewed an existing relationship; $58k went to new ones.

50%100%’17’18’22’23’24’25
RenewedFirst-time

Where new relationships form · theme of each grantee’s first grant

’17’18’22’23’24’25
Human ServicesArts & CultureEducationHealthFood & NutritionInternationalOther
How this is measured
First-time means a grantee’s first year in the filing window; renewed means funded in an earlier year too. The renewed share climbs naturally as a portfolio matures, so the signal is a year that bucks it (a wave of new grantees). The earliest year is left-censored: relationships that predate the data read as new. Theme is the grantee’s IRS cause.

Backed again, and grew

  • TY
    THE YOUNG MEN'S AND YOUNG WOMEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION
    6× · 2017–2025 · $260k · revenue +31%
  • TV
    THE VIVIAN BEAUMONT THEATERINC D/B/A LINCOLN CENTER THEATER
    5× · 2018–2025 · $205k · revenue +53%
  • PP
    PLANNED PARENTHOOD OF GREATER NEW YORK INC
    6× · 2017–2025 · $195k · revenue +74%

Funded once

  • CD
    CHARLES D FLEISCHMAN CHARITABLE TR- OUT OF CORPUS
    one grant, 2024 · $23M
  • SA
    Silvermine Art Center
    one grant, 2023 · $100k
  • VC
    Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons
    one grant, 2018 · $50k
How this is measured

Repeat means funded in two or more distinct years. Growth and survival are read from each grantee’s own subsequent IRS filings.

04Its field

Closest unfunded matches

The nonprofits that most resemble its grantees but are not funded by it, scored along the direction from the rest of the field toward the portfolio. A resemblance in what they say they do, not a recommendation.

1
The Jewish Museum

The mission of the jewish museum is to collect, preserve, exhibit and interpret art and jewish culture. see schedule o for more information.

Arts & Culture
2
Manhattanville University

To educate students to be ethical and socially responsible leaders in a global community.

Education
3
The Graduate Center Foundation Inc

The graduate center foundation is committed to promoting and safe-guarding the success of the graduate center by raising funds and managing and investing donations for use by the graduate center. the board of trustees of the foundation…

—
4
The Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences

The mission of the brooklyn institute of arts and sciences, d/b/a brooklyn museum (the "museum") is to bring people together through art and experiences that inspire celebration, compassion, courage, and the will to act. (see schedule o).

Arts & Culture
5
The Jewish Community Center in Manhattan Inc

Together with our community, jcc manhattan creates opportunities for people to connect, grow, and learn within an ever-changing jewish landscape.

Human Services
6
Fordham University

Fordham university, the jesuit university of new york, is committed to the discovery of wisdom and the transmission of learning, through research and through education of the highest quality. for more information, see schedule o.

Education
7
Nysarc Inc New York City Chapter

We are committed to helping people with intellectual (cont. on schedule o) and developmental disabilities to live full lives.

Human Services
8
New York University

Nyu is a private university with approximately 60,000 matriculating students in 20 schools and institutes. nyu's primary missions are education, research and scholarship, and patient care.

Education
9
New York Genome Center Inc

Operate a state-of-the-art, world-class genomic research center that creates and uses advanced genomics to understand the genetic basis of disease. for more information, see schedule o.

Health
10
New York Studio School

The new york studio school is committed to giving a significant education to the aspiring artist, a preamble to a lifetime's engagement in drawing, painting, and sculpture. (see schedule o for continuation)

—
11
New York City Center Inc

The mission of new york city center is to be new york city's leading center for dance and musical theater. dedicated to making the arts accessible to the broadest possible audience, city center seeks to create a welcoming environment and…

Arts & Culture
12
Museum of Modern Art

The Museum of Modern Art is a private, non-profit institution chartered by the State of New York Department of Education in 1929 to foster public awareness of modern and contemporary art. (Continued in Schedule O)

Arts & Culture
How this is measured
The grantee most central to the portfolio’s shape is The Chicago Lighthouse for People Who Are Blind Or Visually Impaired; the most unlike its peers is Penumbra Foundation. Resemblance is measured on each organization’s own IRS 990 mission text; it reflects how work is described, not its quality or impact.
04the grantee network

100 grantees tracked through their own filings, 2017–2025.

Each grant beside the grantee’s revenue from every source, year by year.

How this is measured

Counted here: distinct organizations funded across 2017 to 2025, not grant rows in a single year, so this will not match the grant count on the cover. 100 of the 161 grantees resolved in that span have returns of their own we could reconcile.

Each grantee is resolved to its own IRS returns. Association, dated; never a causal claim.

3
Load-bearing (≥25% of a budget)
22
Early backer (in before they grew)
99/100
Grantees still filing
77/100
Grew since first funded

Where the money sits, by cause and then by grantee

CHARLES D FLEISCHMAN CHARITABLE TR- OUT OF CORPUS: $22,843,084 · OtherCHARLES D FLEISCHMAN CHARITABLE TR- OUT OF CORPUS+88 more: $3,707,000 · Other+88 moreTHE VIVIAN BEAUMONT THEATERINC D/B/A LINCOLN CENTER THEATER: $205,000 · Arts & CultureTHE BRONX DOCUMENTARY CENTER: $135,000 · Arts & CultureMETROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART: $133,000 · Arts & CultureMAGNUM CULTURAL FOUNDATION: $106,000 · Arts & CultureWHITNEY MUSEUM OF AMERICAN ART: $100,000 · Arts & CultureTHE MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS HOUSTON: $91,000 · Arts & CultureNEW YORK YOUTH SYMPHONY INC: $90,000 · Arts & CultureCITYARTS INC: $70,000 · Arts & CultureNew York Historical Society: $66,000 · Arts & CulturePROJECT BROADWAY: $65,000 · Arts & CultureART21 INC: $65,000 · Arts & CultureMUSEUM OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK: $55,000 · Arts & CultureTHE CONNECTICUT HISTORICAL SOCIETY Connecticut Museum of Culture & History: $50,000 · Arts & Culture+7 more: $160,500 · Arts & CulturePALM BEACH SCHOOL FOR AUTISM INC: $125,000 · EducationICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI: $125,000 · EducationUniversity of New Haven: $120,000 · EducationBY KIDS INC: $101,000 · EducationDEAN COLLEGE: $83,000 · EducationTHE CARE GROUP INC: $75,000 · EducationOHIO WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY: $67,500 · EducationAMERICAN SCHOOL AT HARTFORD FOR THE DEAF: $65,000 · EducationHOFSTRA UNIVERSITY: $60,000 · EducationTHE UNIVERSITY OF THE ARTS: $60,000 · EducationDALTON SCHOOLS INC: $50,000 · EducationGROOVE WITH ME INC: $50,000 · EducationMARC ACADEMY & FAMILY CENTER INC: $38,000 · Education+4 more: $76,500 · EducationTEAM INC: $170,000 · Human ServicesCHILDREN'S HOME OF POUGHKEEPSIE INC: $145,000 · Human ServicesTHE CHICAGO LIGHTHOUSE FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE BLIND OR VISUALLY IMPAIRED: $115,000 · Human ServicesChicago Refugee Coalition: $100,000 · Human ServicesDUTCHESS OUTREACH INC: $60,000 · Human ServicesOtsar Family Services Inc: $50,000 · Human ServicesFIDELCO GUIDE DOG FOUNDATION INC: $45,000 · Human ServicesGRACE SMITH HOUSE INC: $40,000 · Human ServicesJEWISH BOARD OF FAMILY & CHILDREN'S SERVICES INC: $35,000 · Human ServicesHAVEN OF LAKE AND SUMTER COUNTIES INC: $35,000 · Human ServicesTHE ARC OF MOORE COUNTY INC: $33,000 · Human Services+9 more: $137,000 · Human ServicesPLANNED PARENTHOOD OF GREATER NEW YORK INC: $195,000 · HealthHealthy MothersHealthy Babies Coalition of Palm Beach County Inc: $65,000 · HealthFRIENDS OF KAREN INC: $60,000 · HealthLenox Hill Hospital: $50,000 · HealthCLINICS CAN HELP INC: $50,000 · HealthQUANTUM HOUSE INC: $30,000 · Health+4 more: $31,000 · HealthTHE YOUNG MEN'S AND YOUNG WOMEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION: $260,000 · ReligionFRIENDS OF THE ISRAEL DEFENSE FORCES: $90,000 · InternationalJEWISH NATIONAL FUND (KEREN KAYEMETH LEISRAEL) INC: $90,000 · InternationalAMERICAN FRIENDS OF MAGEN DAVID ADOM: $30,000 · InternationalBest Buddies International Inc: $20,000 · International
Other$26,550,084Arts & Culture$1,391,500Education$1,096,000Human Services$965,000Health$481,000Religion$260,000International$230,000

Each grantee by its size and the funder’s share of it; top left is load-bearing

25%50%75%100%$1.0M$10M$100Mgrantee revenue →↑ funder's share of their budgetTHE YOUNG MEN'S AND YOUNG WOMEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION: $260,000 over 6y, 0.1% of budgetTHE VIVIAN BEAUMONT THEATERINC D/B/A LINCOLN CENTER THEATER: $205,000 over 5y, 0.2% of budgetPLANNED PARENTHOOD OF GREATER NEW YORK INC: $195,000 over 6y, 0.1% of budgetTEAM INC: $170,000 over 4y, 0.3% of budgetCHILDREN'S HOME OF POUGHKEEPSIE INC: $145,000 over 4y, 0.3% of budgetTHE BRONX DOCUMENTARY CENTER: $135,000 over 4y, 6.5% of budgetTHE TALENTED TEEN CLUB INC: $135,000 over 4y, 27% of budgetMETROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART: $133,000 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetUNITED JEWISH APPEAL-FEDERATION OF JEWISH PHILANTHROPIES OF NEW YORK INC: $127,000 over 3y, 0.0% of budgetPALM BEACH SCHOOL FOR AUTISM INC: $125,000 over 5y, 0.2% of budgetICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI: $125,000 over 5y, 0.0% of budgetUniversity of New Haven: $120,000 over 4y, 0.0% of budgetTHE CHICAGO LIGHTHOUSE FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE BLIND OR VISUALLY IMPAIRED: $115,000 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetYOUTH ON ICE INC: $115,000 over 4y, 63% of budgetTHE LIGHTHOUSE FOR THE BLIND: $115,000 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetMAGNUM CULTURAL FOUNDATION: $106,000 over 6y, 2.0% of budgetBY KIDS INC: $101,000 over 6y, 7.0% of budgetWHITNEY MUSEUM OF AMERICAN ART: $100,000 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetChicago Refugee Coalition: $100,000 over 3y, 16% of budgetCENTER FOR HEARING AND COMMUNICATION: $98,000 over 4y, 0.5% of budgetTHE MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS HOUSTON: $91,000 over 3y, 0.0% of budgetFRIENDS OF THE ISRAEL DEFENSE FORCES: $90,000 over 3y, 0.0% of budgetNEW YORK YOUTH SYMPHONY INC: $90,000 over 4y, 2.3% of budgetJEWISH NATIONAL FUND (KEREN KAYEMETH LEISRAEL) INC: $90,000 over 3y, 0.1% of budgetDEAN COLLEGE: $83,000 over 4y, 0.0% of budgetTHE CARE GROUP INC: $75,000 over 3y, 4.8% of budgetCITYARTS INC: $70,000 over 6y, 2.6% of budgetOHIO WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY: $67,500 over 5y, 0.0% of budgetNew York Historical Society: $66,000 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetAMERICAN SCHOOL AT HARTFORD FOR THE DEAF: $65,000 over 2y, 0.1% of budgetPROJECT BROADWAY: $65,000 over 2y, 31% of budgetART21 INC: $65,000 over 4y, 0.6% of budgetHealthy MothersHealthy Babies Coalition of Palm Beach County Inc: $65,000 over 2y, 0.5% of budgetDUTCHESS OUTREACH INC: $60,000 over 2y, 2.2% of budgetGOLD COAST DOWN SYNDROME ORG INC: $60,000 over 2y, 5.8% of budgetFRIENDS OF KAREN INC: $60,000 over 2y, 0.8% of budgetHOFSTRA UNIVERSITY: $60,000 over 4y, 0.0% of budgetCITY HARVEST INC: $60,000 over 6y, 0.0% of budgetTHE UNIVERSITY OF THE ARTS: $60,000 over 4y, 0.0% of budgetMUSEUM OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK: $55,000 over 3y, 0.2% of budgetLenox Hill Hospital: $50,000 over 2y, 0.0% of budgetDALTON SCHOOLS INC: $50,000 over 3y, 0.0% of budgetTOWNSEND HARRIS ALUMNI ASSOCIATION INC: $50,000 over 2y, 8.3% of budgetCLINICS CAN HELP INC: $50,000 over 2y, 1.7% of budgetWildlife Conservation Society: $50,000 over 3y, 0.0% of budgetTHE CONNECTICUT HISTORICAL SOCIETY Connecticut Museum of Culture & History: $50,000 over 2y, 1.1% of budgetGROOVE WITH ME INC: $50,000 over 2y, 3.5% of budgetOtsar Family Services Inc: $50,000 over 2y, 0.7% of budget
Grantee by grantee: a decade per organization, before and after funding

A decade per grantee: revenue shaded, grants as bars, all rows on one timeline.

  • Who funds THE YOUNG MEN'S AND YOUNG WOMEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION ↗
  • Who funds THE VIVIAN BEAUMONT THEATERINC D/B/A LINCOLN CENTER THEATER ↗
  • Who funds PLANNED PARENTHOOD OF GREATER NEW YORK INC ↗
  • Who funds TEAM INC ↗
  • Who funds CHILDREN'S HOME OF POUGHKEEPSIE INC ↗
  • Who funds THE BRONX DOCUMENTARY CENTER ↗
  • Who funds THE TALENTED TEEN CLUB INC ↗
  • Who funds METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART ↗
  • Who funds UNITED JEWISH APPEAL-FEDERATION OF JEWISH PHILANTHROPIES OF NEW YORK INC ↗
  • Who funds PALM BEACH SCHOOL FOR AUTISM INC ↗
  • Who funds ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI ↗
  • Who funds University of New Haven ↗
  • Who funds THE CHICAGO LIGHTHOUSE FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE BLIND OR VISUALLY IMPAIRED ↗
  • Who funds YOUTH ON ICE INC ↗
  • Who funds THE LIGHTHOUSE FOR THE BLIND ↗
  • Who funds MAGNUM CULTURAL FOUNDATION ↗
  • Who funds BY KIDS INC ↗
  • Who funds WHITNEY MUSEUM OF AMERICAN ART ↗
  • Who funds Chicago Refugee Coalition ↗
  • Who funds CENTER FOR HEARING AND COMMUNICATION ↗
  • Who funds THE MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS HOUSTON ↗
  • Who funds FRIENDS OF THE ISRAEL DEFENSE FORCES ↗
  • Who funds NEW YORK YOUTH SYMPHONY INC ↗
  • Who funds JEWISH NATIONAL FUND (KEREN KAYEMETH LEISRAEL) INC ↗
  • Who funds DEAN COLLEGE ↗
  • Who funds THE CARE GROUP INC ↗
  • Who funds CITYARTS INC ↗

Co-funders

Grantmakers whose grantees overlap with this funder’s far more than size alone predicts. Closer means stronger alignment; arcs show where they also fund each other. Here they form a tightly interlocked group: most of these funders back each other's grantees too.

Charles D Fleischman Charitable TrustCT36.9× affinity15 shared granteesties to 3 of 11Hover any node to trace its alignments.Compare side by side →

Open a dossier: Charles D Fleischman Charitable Trust · The Batchelor Foundation Inc · The Chamber of Nonprofit Health and Human Agencies in Palm Beach County Inc · The Jim Moran Foundation Inc · Quantum Foundation Inc · Frenchmans Reserve Charitable Foundation Inc · Community Foundation for Palm Beach and Martin Counties Inc · Ibis Charities Foundation Inc · Lost Tree Village Charitable Foundation · Cornelia T Bailey Charitable Trust · Community Foundations of the Hudson Valley Inc · Wycliffe Charities Foundation Inc

How this is measured
Affinity is a Gamma-Poisson posterior co-funding rate, re-centered on the typical rate, so thin evidence shrinks toward no signal. Overlap is association, not proof of shared intent.

How much its grantees rely on government

Each dot is one organization Henry Nias Foundation Inc funds: left to right is the share of its income from government, bottom to top the share from Henry Nias Foundation Inc. Bigger dots raise more.

2024
’20’21’22’23’24’25
no gov · 60%0%1%3%5%funder's share of their income ↑0%25%50%75%100%share of the org’s income from government →median 1%
  • Team Inc: 84% of income from government
  • University of New Haven: 2% of income from government
  • The Connecticut Players Foundation Inc D/B/a Long Wharf Theatre: 1% of income from government
  • Dean College: 0% of income from government
  • Caridad Center Inc: 0% of income from government
no gov moneyreceives it· size = income
6get no government money at all
19report government grants on their 990 we could not trace to a source (not plotted)
1rely on government for over half their income
typical government reliance, FY20–25
How this is measured
Government income is each org’s traced federal awards (USASpending grants and contracts) plus state payments (open checkbooks) as a share of its total revenue (IRS Form 990); the self-reported government-grant line (990 line 1e) is carried for cross-check: a grantee that reports government grants we could not trace to a source is left off the chart rather than shown as receiving none. An association, not a claim that a grant caused the public funding. Coverage is precision-first, a floor rather than a census; state records exist for 9 states, so a grantee outside them shows no state figure (dimmed) rather than a false zero. Federal award amounts are obligations, which can span years, so a single-year share is indicative. 990 filings lag 12 to 24 months.
05Through Plinth

Warm introductions · Powered by PlinthPlus

How do I get to Henry Nias Foundation Inc?

Find your warmest path to Henry Nias Foundation Inc through trustees and officers whose names appear on both boards. Search for your organization and Plinth traces the shortest route it can evidence.

Each link is a name appearing on two organizations’ public IRS 990 filings, matched on that name and, where the filings support it, on location. A same-state match has geographic support, which is a second matching feature rather than confirmation that the two are one person; a cross-state one is the likeliest to be two people who share a name. Every hop shows its tier, low-confidence and distant paths are held back rather than guessed, and it is worth confirming the person before you use the introduction.

On method. Every financial figure here is read from IRS e-file XML, the funder’s own 990/990-PF, and from the multi-year returns of the 161 grantees we resolved, each linked to its source. Grantee outcomes are each organization’s own program-service reporting (Form 990, Part III), read as association with funding, never as caused by it. Low-confidence name matches are suppressed rather than guessed. How we build these →

How this is measured
Each figure carries one of six labels. Filed is what the funder reported on its return. Official is another government record about an organization, such as a federal award or a charity register, joined by name where no shared identifier exists. Resolved is an identity we worked out where the filing named a recipient without an EIN, kept only above a measured confidence threshold. Computed is arithmetic over those, like themes, portfolio clusters and co-funder strength. Context is a statistic about a place rather than about an organization, which is what the need overlay is: it describes the area a grantee’s address sits in, not where its work lands. Inferred is drawn by a model from text, like the partnerships read out of public news and organization websites. Each is labeled where it appears.

Generated from the IRS Form 990-PF e-file return for fiscal year 2025, released 2025. Filings run roughly 12 to 24 months behind; figures are dated accordingly.

Source object · view filing

Play a game based on Henry Nias’ filings →

More from the funding graph